November 22

June 29

67 Eusebius of Caesarea states that Saint Paul was beheaded by a sword in the reign of the Roman Emperor Nero; this event has been dated either to the year 64, when Rome was devastated by a fire, or a few years later to 67, possibly on June 29, 67. Tradition has it that he was beheaded at the place now called The Fontane, Rome and his body is buried where the Basilica of Saint Paul outside the wall stands.

The Beheading of Saint Paul by Enrique Simonet, 1887

1520 Montezuma II, the ruler of the Aztecs when Spain invaded Mexico, was imprisoned in his own palace by conquistador Hernán Cortés. Montezuma's subjects besieged the palace and in an effort to assuage the raging mob, he appeared on the balcony appealing to his countrymen to retreat. The people were appalled by their king's complicity with the Spanish and pelted him with rocks and darts. He died a short time after the attack on June 29, 1520.

1613 William Shakespeare was a member of the theater troupe the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, which later became the King’s Men. When the group built and operated the Globe Theater in London for their plays in 1599, he became a partner. At his peak Shakespeare was earning £200 a year from his plays, sonnets and the theater. When the Globe Theater burned down on June 29, 1613, Shakespeare lost a great deal of money, but remained wealthy. He shared in the building of the new Globe.

Recreation of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London. Dickbauch - Self-photographed

1644 When Charles I defeated a Parliamentarian detachment at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge on June 29, 1644 during the English Civil War, it was the last battle won by an English King on English soil. However, despite this victory, the overall outcome of the war favored the Parliamentarians, who ultimately emerged victorious and led to the execution of Charles I in 1649.

1846 When King William IV asked The Duke of Wellington to become Prime Minister in November 1834, he recommended that the king choose Robert Peel instead. Peel served two terms as Prime Minister: December 10, 1834 – April 8, 1835 and August 30, 1841 – June 29, 1846. His repealing of the Corn Laws in 1846 split the Conservative Party and they were not able to win a majority for another 28 years.

1854 Charlotte Brontë married her father's curate, the Reverend Arthur Nicholls, on June 29, 1854.
Charlotte wore a white muslin wedding dress with delicate green embroidery and a lace trimmed bonnet. It was said she looked like a "snowdrop". Arthur was faithful, pleasant and indomitable and Charlotte at first merely admired but later grew to love her husband. They had nine months of an increasingly happy marriage as Charlotte found joy in domestic love until her death in March 1855.

Charlotte Brontë 

1861 The English poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning moved to Italy in 1846 father marrying her husband fellow poet Robert Browning. After hearing of her father's death, Elizabeth's health faded, centering around deteriorating lung function. Her faithful husband never left her bedside and she spent the last day of her life asleep in his arms. Elizabeth died on June 29, 1861 at Casa Guidi, and was buried in Florence's Protestant Cemetery.

1872 In 1872 Johann Strauss the Younger and his orchestra toured the United States, where, at the invitation of bandmaster Patrick Gilmore he was the lead conductor in The World's Peace Jubilee and International Musical Festival in Boston, Massachusetts. The jubilee, which consisted of over 1000 singers and musicians, honored the ending of the Franco-Prussian War. On June 29, 1872 Strauss performed his "Blue Danube" waltz, amongst other pieces, to great acclaim.

World's Peace Jubilee coliseum, Back Bay, Boston 1872

1883 American right wing historian and political theorist Lothrop Stoddard was born on June 29, 1883. Stoddard's analysis divided world politics and situations into "white," "yellow," "black," "Amerindian," and "brown" peoples and their interactions. He argued that race and heredity were the guiding factors of history and civilization and that the elimination or absorption of the "white" race by "colored" races would result in the destruction of Western civilization.

1889 Hyde Park and several other Illinois townships voted on June 29, 1889 to be annexed by Chicago, forming the largest United States city in area and second largest in population at the time. The annexation helped to solidify Chicago's position as a major metropolis and made it a more attractive destination for businesses and residents. It also led to the construction of new infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and sewers, and helped to improve the city's overall quality of life.

1897 The Chicago Colts (now the Chicago Cubs) set the all-time record for most runs scored in a single Major League Baseball game when they beat the Louisville Colonels 36-7 on June 29, 1897. The Colts scored 28 runs in the first inning alone, which is still a record for most runs scored in an inning in Major League Baseball history.

1927 The Bird of Paradise completed on June 29, 1927 the first transpacific flight, from the mainland United States to Hawaii. The Bird of Paradise was a Fokker tri-motor airplane used by the United States Army Air Corps to experiment with the application of radio beacon aids in air navigation.


1927 On June 29, 1927, the poet T. S. Eliot converted to Anglicanism from Unitarianism, and in November that year he took British citizenship. He became a warden of his parish church, Saint Stephen's, Gloucester Road, London. Eliot centered many of his poems on an Anglo Catholic Christianity. His Four Quartets, heralded as one of the greatest philosophical poems in the English language, were a reflection of the poet’s adherence to the Anglo Catholic Church.

1956 The actress Marilyn Monroe married Jewish playwright Arthur Miller in a civil ceremony on June 29, 1956. Only two witnesses and a photographer attended the civil ceremony. The bride, who wore a sweater and a creased skirt, had said she would not care for a Grace Kelly-style white wedding. She converted to Judaism before the wedding and had a second, Jewish ceremony on July 1. They divorced in 1961.


1976 The Seychelles was ceded to Britain by France in 1814 and was ruled as part of Mauritius until it became a crown colony in 1903. In the 1960s political parties were formed, campaigning for independence. On June 29, 1976 Seychelles became an independent Republic within the British Commonwealth, with James Mancham as president and France-Albert René as prime minister. June 29th is celebrated each year as Independence Day.

2001 The comedian Richard Pryor showed up at his hotel room door just a few hours after marrying his fourth wife Jennifer Lee in 1981, insisting that he already wanted a divorce. The comic would get divorced from Lee the next year, only to remarry her 19 years later on June 29, 2001; the two were still together when Pryor passed away four and a half years later.



2007 In January 2007, Apple Inc CEO Steve Jobs unveiled the iPhone—a touch screen smartphone with an iPod, camera and Web-browsing capabilities—at the Macworld convention in San Francisco.
When it went on sale in the United States on June 29, 2007 amidst huge hype, thousands of customers lined up at Apple stores across the country to be among the first to purchase an iPhone. The 4GB phone retailed for $499 and the 8GB model debuted at $599.

2013 The largest ever waffle weighed 50 kg (110 lb 3.68 oz) and was baked by Stichting Gouda Oogst in Gouda, Netherlands, on June 29, 2013. It was made with 25 kilograms (55 lb) of flour, 12 kilograms (26 lb) of butter, 10 kilograms (22 lb) of sugar, and 10 kilograms (22 lb) of eggs. 


2014 The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), is a Sunni jihadist militant group, which is influenced by the Wahhabi version of Islam. ISIS was started in the early years of the Iraq War with the aim of  establishing a caliphate in the Sunni majority regions of Iraq, later expanding this to include Syria. On June 29, 2014, ISIS self-declared its caliphate in Syria and northern Iraq, with Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi named as caliph.

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