1657 English physician William Harvey was the first known physician to detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the brain and the rest of the body by the heart. After the Civil War, Harvey incurred a huge fine for his support of the king and had to live off his inheritance and stay with his brothers. Harvey died at Roehampton in the house of his brother Eliab on June 3, 1657. He passed away of a cerebral hemorrhage from vessels long injured by gout.
1761 British Army officer Henry Shrapnel was born on June 3, 1761. He invented a hollow cannonball weapon which exploded in the air, spewing out lead shot in 1787. Henry Shrapnel's surname is now synonymous with fragmentation from, or caused by, artillery.
1844 The great auk, a flightless penguin-like swimming bird that spent their time foraging in the North Atlantic waters became extinct in the mid-19th century. The last two confirmed specimens were killed off the coast of Iceland on June 3, 1844. The very last pair of Great Auks was incubating an egg when they were killed on request by a merchant.
1858 American businessman William Phelps Eno was born on June 3, 1858. He was responsible for many of the earliest traffic laws. In 1903, Eno developed the first city traffic code in the world at Columbus Circle, New York City. Among the innovations credited to Eno are traffic regulations, the stop sign, the pedestrian crosswalk, the traffic circle, the one-way street, the taxi stand, and pedestrian safety islands. Ironically, William Phelps Eno never drove a car himself.
1865 King George V was born on June 3, 1865, in Marlborough House, London. He was the second and eldest-surviving son of the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra). George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from May 6. 1910 until his death in 1936
1875 French composer Georges Bizet's last work was his opéra comique Carmen. Despite its popularity today, Carmen bombed at its premiere at the Opéra Comique of Paris on March 3, 1875. By the end of its first run of 48 performances, the theater was giving tickets away in order to stimulate attendance. Bizet was devastated by the failure of Carmen and died of a massive heart attack three months later. on June 3, 1875 aged just 37.
1889 The first long distance (21 mile (84 km)) AC line was built for the 1884 International Exhibition of Turin, Italy. The first long-distance electric power transmission line in the United States was completed on June 3, 1889. It runs 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon. Picture shows New York City streets in 1890. Besides telegraph lines, multiple electric lines were required for each class of device requiring different voltages.
1899 The Austrian waltz king Johann Strauss died of pleuropneumonia on June 3, 1899 in Vienna, at the age of 73. At the time of his death, he was still composing his ballet Aschenbrödel. He was buried in the Zentralfriedhof (The Vienna Central Cemetery).
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| William Harvey Attributed to Daniël Mijtens |
1761 British Army officer Henry Shrapnel was born on June 3, 1761. He invented a hollow cannonball weapon which exploded in the air, spewing out lead shot in 1787. Henry Shrapnel's surname is now synonymous with fragmentation from, or caused by, artillery.
1844 The great auk, a flightless penguin-like swimming bird that spent their time foraging in the North Atlantic waters became extinct in the mid-19th century. The last two confirmed specimens were killed off the coast of Iceland on June 3, 1844. The very last pair of Great Auks was incubating an egg when they were killed on request by a merchant.
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| A stuffed great auk and replica egg in Kelvingrove, Glasgow. By Mike Pennington |
1858 American businessman William Phelps Eno was born on June 3, 1858. He was responsible for many of the earliest traffic laws. In 1903, Eno developed the first city traffic code in the world at Columbus Circle, New York City. Among the innovations credited to Eno are traffic regulations, the stop sign, the pedestrian crosswalk, the traffic circle, the one-way street, the taxi stand, and pedestrian safety islands. Ironically, William Phelps Eno never drove a car himself.
1865 King George V was born on June 3, 1865, in Marlborough House, London. He was the second and eldest-surviving son of the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra). George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from May 6. 1910 until his death in 1936
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| George as a young boy, 1870 |
1875 French composer Georges Bizet's last work was his opéra comique Carmen. Despite its popularity today, Carmen bombed at its premiere at the Opéra Comique of Paris on March 3, 1875. By the end of its first run of 48 performances, the theater was giving tickets away in order to stimulate attendance. Bizet was devastated by the failure of Carmen and died of a massive heart attack three months later. on June 3, 1875 aged just 37.
1889 The first long distance (21 mile (84 km)) AC line was built for the 1884 International Exhibition of Turin, Italy. The first long-distance electric power transmission line in the United States was completed on June 3, 1889. It runs 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon. Picture shows New York City streets in 1890. Besides telegraph lines, multiple electric lines were required for each class of device requiring different voltages.
1899 The Austrian waltz king Johann Strauss died of pleuropneumonia on June 3, 1899 in Vienna, at the age of 73. At the time of his death, he was still composing his ballet Aschenbrödel. He was buried in the Zentralfriedhof (The Vienna Central Cemetery).
1904 American surgeon and medical researcher Charles Richard Drew was born on June 3, 1904. A pioneer in preserving blood, his work led to large-scale blood bank use, U.S. blood donations to Britons in World War II, and the use of bloodmobiles. As the most prominent African American in the field, Drew protested against the practice of racial segregation in the donation of blood, and resigned his position with the American Red Cross, which maintained the policy until 1950.
1906 Josephine Baker was born Freda Josephine Macdonald in St. Louis on June 3, 1906. She was nicknamed "Trumpy" as a child. It was at the Folies Bergere, in 1925, that Josephine Baker first performed her famous banana dance. She quickly became a favorite of the French, and her fame grew. The first black superstar, Baker was the first African American female to star in a major motion picture, and to integrate an American concert hall.
1927 English businessman Samuel Ryder built up a prosperous business in St Albans, mainly through selling penny packets of garden seeds. Ryder suggested the idea of a regular international competition between teams of British and American golfers. The first official Ryder Cup was held in Worcester, Massachusetts on June 3–4, 1927. Appendicitis kept Ryder's coach, British professional golfer Abe Mitchell, out of first Ryder Cup, and the United States team beat Britain 9 1/2 to 2 1/2.
1931 The 1931 Epsom Derby was Britain’s first ever live sport TV broadcast. Televised on June 3, 1931, it was also the first remote outside broadcast in the world. The favorite, Cameronian, won. The broadcast was provided by the Baird Television Company, in cooperation with the BBC, using the filming equipment of the former and the transmission facilities of the latter.
1932 The California Perfume Company, the forerunner of Avon. was founded in 1886 by American David H McConnell. The California Perfume Company, Inc. of New York filed their first trademark application for cosmetics company Avon on June 3, 1932. The change of the name of the business to Avon came after McConnell was impressed by a visit to Shakespeare's birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon in England.
1937 A constitutional crisis began on November 16, 1936 when Edward VIII told Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin he intended to American divorcee Wallis Simpson. Desiring to marry Wallis Simpson against widespread opposition, Edward VIII abdicated the UK throne in December 1936. After his abdication, Edward was given the title Duke of Windsor. He married Simpson in a private ceremony near Tours, France on June 3, 1937. His brother, the new king George VI, and mother did not attend the ceremony.
1940 After Germany invaded and defeated France, Belgium and the Netherlands during World War II, the British Army found itself trapped in northern France standing alone against Germany. King George VI, issued a call to the nation for a National Day of Prayer. A week later their troops were successfully evacuated from Dunkirk and helped by a curious decision made by Hitler to hold his troops back and not attack the British army. The last of the British army left on June 3, 1940.
1906 Josephine Baker was born Freda Josephine Macdonald in St. Louis on June 3, 1906. She was nicknamed "Trumpy" as a child. It was at the Folies Bergere, in 1925, that Josephine Baker first performed her famous banana dance. She quickly became a favorite of the French, and her fame grew. The first black superstar, Baker was the first African American female to star in a major motion picture, and to integrate an American concert hall.
1927 English businessman Samuel Ryder built up a prosperous business in St Albans, mainly through selling penny packets of garden seeds. Ryder suggested the idea of a regular international competition between teams of British and American golfers. The first official Ryder Cup was held in Worcester, Massachusetts on June 3–4, 1927. Appendicitis kept Ryder's coach, British professional golfer Abe Mitchell, out of first Ryder Cup, and the United States team beat Britain 9 1/2 to 2 1/2.
1931 The 1931 Epsom Derby was Britain’s first ever live sport TV broadcast. Televised on June 3, 1931, it was also the first remote outside broadcast in the world. The favorite, Cameronian, won. The broadcast was provided by the Baird Television Company, in cooperation with the BBC, using the filming equipment of the former and the transmission facilities of the latter.
1932 The California Perfume Company, the forerunner of Avon. was founded in 1886 by American David H McConnell. The California Perfume Company, Inc. of New York filed their first trademark application for cosmetics company Avon on June 3, 1932. The change of the name of the business to Avon came after McConnell was impressed by a visit to Shakespeare's birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon in England.
1937 A constitutional crisis began on November 16, 1936 when Edward VIII told Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin he intended to American divorcee Wallis Simpson. Desiring to marry Wallis Simpson against widespread opposition, Edward VIII abdicated the UK throne in December 1936. After his abdication, Edward was given the title Duke of Windsor. He married Simpson in a private ceremony near Tours, France on June 3, 1937. His brother, the new king George VI, and mother did not attend the ceremony.
1940 After Germany invaded and defeated France, Belgium and the Netherlands during World War II, the British Army found itself trapped in northern France standing alone against Germany. King George VI, issued a call to the nation for a National Day of Prayer. A week later their troops were successfully evacuated from Dunkirk and helped by a curious decision made by Hitler to hold his troops back and not attack the British army. The last of the British army left on June 3, 1940.
1940 On June 3, 1940, Franz Rademacher, who was the head of the Jewish Department of the German Foreign Office, proposed the idea that the island of Madagascar should be considered as a destination for the Jews of Europe. This proposal is often referred to as the "Madagascar Plan," a scheme developed by the Nazi regime with the intention of forcibly relocating the Jewish population of Europe to Madagascar.
1950 Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal, successfully reached the summit of Annapurna I at 8,091 metres (26,545 ft), the highest peak in the Annapurna Massif in Nepal on June 3, 1950. Annapurna became the highest mountain to have been ascended to its summit, exceeding that achieved by the 1936 expedition to Nanda Devi, and the mountaineers were the first to reach the summit of an 8,000-metre peak.
1963 Pope John XXIII died in his bed on June 3, 1963, after a long struggle with stomach cancer.
He passed away minutes after 100,000 people had attended a sunset Mass in St Peters Square. When news reached them the departing congregation started weeping, crying "Papa, poor Papa". During his five years as pope, John XXIII succeeded in bringing the Catholic Church into the 20th century through the Second Vatican Council.
1965 Ed White was the first American to take a spacewalk, when on June 3, 1965 he flew into space as pilot of Gemini 4. White was tethered to the spacecraft during his 21 minute spacewalk, and his oxygen was supplied through a 25-foot (7.6 m) umbilical cord, which also carried communications and biomedical instrumentation. He was the first to control his motion in space with a Hand-Held Maneuvering Unit, which worked well but only carried enough propellant for 20 seconds.
1970 As a result of BBC's anti product placement policy, Ray Davies of The Kinks was forced to make a round-trip flight from New York to London and back on June 3, 1970. He interrupted the band's American tour to change "Coca-Cola" to "cherry cola" in his recording of "Lola" in order to prevent a ban on the song.
1978 On June 3, 1978 it was announced The Guinness Book of World Records had set a record itself. It topped a list of the books most often stolen from the UK's public libraries. The book was so popular that people were stealing it from libraries in order to own it themselves. This led to a shortage of the book in libraries, and many people were unable to borrow it.
1979 One of the world's worst oil spills in history occurred on June 3, 1979, as a result of a blowout at the Ixtoc I oil well. It caused at least 3,000,000 barrels (140 million gallons) of oil to be spilled into the Bay of Campeche off the coast of Mexico.
1979 One of the world's worst oil spills in history occurred on June 3, 1979, as a result of a blowout at the Ixtoc I oil well. It caused at least 3,000,000 barrels (140 million gallons) of oil to be spilled into the Bay of Campeche off the coast of Mexico.
1986 Tennis star Rafael Nadal was born June 3, 1986 in Manacor, Majorca, Spain. Rafael first began playing tennis at the age of three under the guidance of his Uncle Tom, a former professional tennis player. Rafael was born right-handed. He played two-handed on both sides as a small child and then with a one-handed forehand with his natural right arm. At the age of 9 or 10, his uncle switched him to a left-handed forehand and serve after seeing his perfect backhand moves.
2016 In 1984, Muhammad Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson's syndrome, which was caused by the numerous blows to the head during his boxing career. Ali died on June 3, 2016, the day after he was taken to a Phoenix hospital with a respiratory condition. The day Muhammad Ali's body was returned to his hometown of Louisville, bees swarmed at his "Float Like a Butterfly, Sting Like a Bee" mural in the same city.
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