306 Roman Herculian guard Adrian of Nicomedia, who was head of the praetorium was martyred on March 4, 306. He had converted to Christianity after being impressed with the faith of Christians that he had been torturing,
856 Trpimir I, founder of the Trpimirović dynasty of Croatia, issued a document that contained the first known usage of the name "Croats". He is believed to have issued the Croatian state document, the "Charter of Duke Trpimir," on March 4, 856.
1193 Having rode out from Damascus to meet some pilgrims returning from Mecca, Saladin, the first sultan of Egypt and Syria was forced to retire to his bed due to pain and fever. After some days the Muslim leader fell into a coma from which he never recovered and he died on March 4, 1193, at Damascus. He was buried in a mausoleum in the garden outside the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus.
1493 Christopher Columbus arrived back in Lisbon, Portugal on March 4, 1493 after his first voyage to the Caribbean. Hearing of Columbus's discoveries, the Portuguese king informed him that he believed the voyage to be in violation of the 1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas. Unimpressed, Columbus set sail for Spain, where was greatly honored.
1619 King James VI (of Scotland) and I (of England) endeared himself to Protestants by marrying Anne of Denmark—a Princess from a Protestant country and daughter of Frederick II of Denmark—by proxy in 1589. The couple produced eight children, three of whom survived infancy and one was stillborn. They decided to live apart after the death of their daughter Sophia. Anne of Denmark died on March 4, 1619 at Hampton Court Palace. She was buried at Westminster Abbey.
1634 Boston's first tavern to be granted a license to sell wine and liquor by the Massachusetts Bay Colony's General Court started business on March 4, 1634. The pub was called The Three Mariners and it was owned by Samuel Cole. The tavern was located near the waterfront and was a popular gathering place for sailors and merchants. It was owned by Samuel Cole and opened for business in the mid-1630s.
856 Trpimir I, founder of the Trpimirović dynasty of Croatia, issued a document that contained the first known usage of the name "Croats". He is believed to have issued the Croatian state document, the "Charter of Duke Trpimir," on March 4, 856.
1193 Having rode out from Damascus to meet some pilgrims returning from Mecca, Saladin, the first sultan of Egypt and Syria was forced to retire to his bed due to pain and fever. After some days the Muslim leader fell into a coma from which he never recovered and he died on March 4, 1193, at Damascus. He was buried in a mausoleum in the garden outside the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus.
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| Saladin's tomb, near Umayyad Mosque's NW corner |
1493 Christopher Columbus arrived back in Lisbon, Portugal on March 4, 1493 after his first voyage to the Caribbean. Hearing of Columbus's discoveries, the Portuguese king informed him that he believed the voyage to be in violation of the 1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas. Unimpressed, Columbus set sail for Spain, where was greatly honored.
1619 King James VI (of Scotland) and I (of England) endeared himself to Protestants by marrying Anne of Denmark—a Princess from a Protestant country and daughter of Frederick II of Denmark—by proxy in 1589. The couple produced eight children, three of whom survived infancy and one was stillborn. They decided to live apart after the death of their daughter Sophia. Anne of Denmark died on March 4, 1619 at Hampton Court Palace. She was buried at Westminster Abbey.
1634 Boston's first tavern to be granted a license to sell wine and liquor by the Massachusetts Bay Colony's General Court started business on March 4, 1634. The pub was called The Three Mariners and it was owned by Samuel Cole. The tavern was located near the waterfront and was a popular gathering place for sailors and merchants. It was owned by Samuel Cole and opened for business in the mid-1630s.
1658 The village of Harlem on Manhattan Island was created by Peter Stuyvesant, the Dutch director-general of the colony of New Netherland on March 4, 1658. He founded it as a northern outpost to protect New Amsterdam at the southern tip of the island.
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| Harlem, from the old fort in the Central Park, New York Public Library |
1675 On March 4, 1675, John Flamsteed was appointed by Charles II as the first Astronomer Royal of England. The post gave Flamsteed a stipend of £100 a year. That amount has never changed. Flamsted's primary responsibility, as outlined by the king, was to improve the accuracy of celestial navigation by studying and cataloging the stars. This marked a significant moment for science in Britain, as it represented the beginning of government funding for scientific endeavors in the country.
1678 The composer Antonio Lucio Vivaldi was born on March 4, 1678, in Venice, Italy. When he was born he looked so frail that the midwife baptized him immediately. Antonio grew to love the violin and played along with his father at St. Mark's Basilica.
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| The Birth of Pennsylvania, 1680, by Jean Leon Gerome Ferris |
1702 Jack Sheppard, the notorious English burglar, robber and thief of early 18th-century London was born on March 4, 1702. Sheppard was as renowned for his attempts to escape imprisonment as he was for his crimes. Ultimately, he was caught, convicted, and hanged at Tyburn, ending his brief criminal career after less than two years.
1791 The area that is now Vermont was claimed by France's colony of New France, but Great Britain gained control after winning the French and Indian War in 1763. A group of settlers established the Vermont Republic in 1777 as an independent state during the American Revolutionary War. It existed as an independent country for 14 years until March 4, 1791 when Vermont became the first state to enter the United States after the thirteen colonies.
1797 The first ever peaceful transfer of power between elected leaders in modern times took place on March 4, 1797 when John Adams was sworn in as President of the United States, succeeding George Washington. A particularly brutal New England winter kept his wife Abigail away from Philadelphia and she missed her husband's inauguration.
1829 Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams in the Presidential Election of 1828. He became President on March 4, 1829, the first Democrat to do so. Four years later Jackson was re-elected to a second term as President. At his 1829 inauguration, Andrew Jackson invited the public to come to the White House for a 'cup-of-grog.' they did in droves, becoming a drunken mob.
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| 1828 election results |
1833 After being admitted to the bar, Franklin Pierce rose to a central position in the Democratic party of New Hampshire and was elected to the lower house in New Hampshire’s General Court in 1828. Pierce was elected Democrat to the 23rd and 24th of Congress from March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1837. At 27 years of age, Pierce was the youngest U.S. Representative at that time. Franklin Pierce later served as the 14th President of the United States from 1853 to 1857.
1837 Martin Van Buren's inauguration on March 4, 1837, was the first time in which the outgoing president, Andrew Jackson, and the president-elect, Martin Van Buren, rode together in a carriage to the Capitol for the inauguration ceremony. This tradition has continued for every presidential inauguration since then, with the exception of a few instances where the outgoing president did not attend the inauguration of their successor.
1837 Chicago was incorporated on March 4, 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum (wild garlic), from the Miami-Illinois language.
1841 William Henry Harrison was elected the ninth president of the United States in 1840, and took the oath of office on March 4, 1841. He was the last president born as a British subject before American Independence. Harrison gave the longest inauguration speech on record, in bad, snowy weather, without wearing an overcoat or hat. A detailed statement of the Whig agenda, it lasted an hour and forty minutes. He caught a serious case of pneumonia and died a month later.
1849 When James K. Polk's presidential term ended on March 4, 1849, a Sunday, his successor, Zachary Taylor, an Episcopalian, refused to take the presidential oath of office on the Sabbath. This led to a curious situation in which the United States was "without" a president for a day.
1850 The 18-year-old James Garfield committed his life to Jesus Christ on March 4, 1850 when he was baptized in the icy waters of the Chagrin River by the Disciples of Christ. Garfield took his faith seriously and became a lay-minister. On November 2, 1880, the fervent Disciples of Christ lay-minister was elected the 20th president of the United States.
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| James a Garfield at 16 |
1857 Until January 2022, when Barack Obama handed over the presidency to Joe Biden, the last time a living Democratic president transferred the presidency to another Democrat was when Franklin Pierce passed the mantle to James Buchanan on March 4, 1857.
1861 The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the "Stars and Bars") was adopted on March 4, 1861. The flag consisted of three horizontal stripes of equal height, with the top and bottom stripes being blue and the middle stripe being white. In the top left corner of the flag was a circle of white stars on a blue background, representing the seven seceded states at the time: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
1865 On March 4, 1865, the actor John Wilkes Booth attended Abraham Lincoln's second inauguration as President, as can be seen in photographs taken that day. Five weeks later, while picking up his mail at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., Booth discovered that Lincoln would be attending the play Our American Cousin that evening. Booth met with his co-conspirators and established a plan to kill Lincoln. He shot the president during the third act.
1890 The longest bridge in Great Britain, the Forth Railway Bridge in Scotland, measuring 1,710 feet (520 m) long, was opened by the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII on March 4, 1890. The bridge connects Edinburgh and Fife.
1897 William McKinley was sworn in as US president on March 4, 1897, as his wife and mother looked on. McKinley's inauguration was the first to be recorded by a motion picture camera. The footage was taken by Thomas Edison's company, capturing President McKinley taking the oath and the parade that followed.
1899 Cyclone Mahina struck Bathurst Bay, Queensland on March 4, 1899, and is considered the deadliest natural disaster in Australian history. The cyclone caused a storm surge of up to 13 meters, which devastated the pearling fleet anchored in the bay, killing an estimated 307 people, including many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander divers.
1918 The first known case of the 1918 influenza pandemic was observed on March 4, 1918, when company cook Albert Gitchell reported sick at Fort Riley, Kansas. An influenza pandemic of unprecedented venom the Spanish flu swept the world; it killed 50 to 100 million of them—three to five percent of the world's population—making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history. More people died of the 1918 flu pandemic than in the recent World War 1.
1925 President Calvin Coolidge's inauguration on March 4, 1925, was the first to be nationally broadcast on radio. In 1920, Coolidge was nominated Vice President under Warren G. Harding. Harding died on August 2, 1923 and Coolidge became the next President, finishing Harding's term before being elected in 1924 to continue as the country's president.
1931 "The Star Spangled Banner" was recognized for official use by the United States Navy in 1889 and the White House in 1916. Finally, after years of being the de facto anthem, it was officially adopted as the United States' national anthem on March 4, 1931.
1933 On March 4, 1933, at the height of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States. In his famous inaugural address, delivered outside the east wing of the U.S. Capitol, Roosevelt outlined his “New Deal." "Let me assert my firm belief," he said. "That the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
1865 On March 4, 1865, the actor John Wilkes Booth attended Abraham Lincoln's second inauguration as President, as can be seen in photographs taken that day. Five weeks later, while picking up his mail at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C., Booth discovered that Lincoln would be attending the play Our American Cousin that evening. Booth met with his co-conspirators and established a plan to kill Lincoln. He shot the president during the third act.
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| Lincoln delivering his second inaugural address He stands in the center, with papers in his hand. |
1890 The longest bridge in Great Britain, the Forth Railway Bridge in Scotland, measuring 1,710 feet (520 m) long, was opened by the Prince of Wales, who later became King Edward VII on March 4, 1890. The bridge connects Edinburgh and Fife.
1897 William McKinley was sworn in as US president on March 4, 1897, as his wife and mother looked on. McKinley's inauguration was the first to be recorded by a motion picture camera. The footage was taken by Thomas Edison's company, capturing President McKinley taking the oath and the parade that followed.
1899 Cyclone Mahina struck Bathurst Bay, Queensland on March 4, 1899, and is considered the deadliest natural disaster in Australian history. The cyclone caused a storm surge of up to 13 meters, which devastated the pearling fleet anchored in the bay, killing an estimated 307 people, including many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander divers.
1918 The first known case of the 1918 influenza pandemic was observed on March 4, 1918, when company cook Albert Gitchell reported sick at Fort Riley, Kansas. An influenza pandemic of unprecedented venom the Spanish flu swept the world; it killed 50 to 100 million of them—three to five percent of the world's population—making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history. More people died of the 1918 flu pandemic than in the recent World War 1.
1925 President Calvin Coolidge's inauguration on March 4, 1925, was the first to be nationally broadcast on radio. In 1920, Coolidge was nominated Vice President under Warren G. Harding. Harding died on August 2, 1923 and Coolidge became the next President, finishing Harding's term before being elected in 1924 to continue as the country's president.
1931 "The Star Spangled Banner" was recognized for official use by the United States Navy in 1889 and the White House in 1916. Finally, after years of being the de facto anthem, it was officially adopted as the United States' national anthem on March 4, 1931.
1933 On March 4, 1933, at the height of the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt was inaugurated as the 32nd president of the United States. In his famous inaugural address, delivered outside the east wing of the U.S. Capitol, Roosevelt outlined his “New Deal." "Let me assert my firm belief," he said. "That the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
1933 Eleanor Roosevelt became First Lady of the United States when Franklin Roosevelt was inaugurated on March 4, 1933. The tall, regal first lady was the first presidential spouse to hold regular press conferences and in 1940 became the first to speak at a national party convention. She was the longest-serving First Lady of the U.S.
1939 12-year-old Princess Elizabeth performed her first public duty without the King or Queen on March 4, 1939. The occasion was the National Pony Society show at the Royal Agricultural Hall, Islington, where, with Princess Margaret, she presented rosettes.
1952 In 1949, months after divorcing his first wife Jane Wyman, Ronald Reagan met the actress Nancy Davis. She had been accidentally listed as a communist and asked Reagan in his capacity as President of the Screen Actors Guild to help her. After Reagan helped Davis, the pair began dating. They married on March 4, 1952 at the Little Brown Church in the Valley (North Hollywood, now Studio City) San Fernando Valley. Their marriage would last until Reagan's death in 2004.
1975 Charlie Chaplin was knighted in England on March 4, 1975 by Queen Elizabeth II. The honor had been delayed by nearly 20 years, partly due to his perceived communist sympathies. The legend of silent films became Sir Charles after a private ceremony at Buckingham Palace. The slapstick legend received his knighthood from a wheelchair.
2009 The International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir on March 4, 2009 for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Darfur region of Sudan. Al-Bashir was the first sitting head of state to be indicted by the ICC since its establishment in 2002. The warrant was delivered to the Sudanese government, which did not recognize the ICC and ignored it.
2010 An Indian man holds the record for the longest growing mustache. According to Guinness World Records, Ram Singh Chauhan has a mustache that spans as 4.29m (14ft) long.) It was measured on the set of the Italian TV show Lo Show dei Record in Rome on March 4, 2010. He has been growing his facial hair since his youth.
1939 12-year-old Princess Elizabeth performed her first public duty without the King or Queen on March 4, 1939. The occasion was the National Pony Society show at the Royal Agricultural Hall, Islington, where, with Princess Margaret, she presented rosettes.
1952 In 1949, months after divorcing his first wife Jane Wyman, Ronald Reagan met the actress Nancy Davis. She had been accidentally listed as a communist and asked Reagan in his capacity as President of the Screen Actors Guild to help her. After Reagan helped Davis, the pair began dating. They married on March 4, 1952 at the Little Brown Church in the Valley (North Hollywood, now Studio City) San Fernando Valley. Their marriage would last until Reagan's death in 2004.
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| Ronald and Nancy Reagan on their wedding day, 1952 |
1975 Charlie Chaplin was knighted in England on March 4, 1975 by Queen Elizabeth II. The honor had been delayed by nearly 20 years, partly due to his perceived communist sympathies. The legend of silent films became Sir Charles after a private ceremony at Buckingham Palace. The slapstick legend received his knighthood from a wheelchair.
2009 The International Criminal Court (ICC) issued an arrest warrant for Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir on March 4, 2009 for war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Darfur region of Sudan. Al-Bashir was the first sitting head of state to be indicted by the ICC since its establishment in 2002. The warrant was delivered to the Sudanese government, which did not recognize the ICC and ignored it.
2010 An Indian man holds the record for the longest growing mustache. According to Guinness World Records, Ram Singh Chauhan has a mustache that spans as 4.29m (14ft) long.) It was measured on the set of the Italian TV show Lo Show dei Record in Rome on March 4, 2010. He has been growing his facial hair since his youth.
2022 The Guinness World Record for the most consecutive pull-ups belongs to Kenta Adachi from Japan, who achieved a staggering 651 pull-ups on March 4, 2022 in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan. This feat of strength and endurance involved adhering to strict guidelines, including keeping the body straight throughout and ensuring the chin went above the bar with each pull-up.
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