1284 In the 11th and 12th centuries there was continual pressure on Wales from across the English border which was resisted notably by Llywelyn Fawr (the Great) and his grandson Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. After Llywelyn ap Gruffudd died in 1282, Edward I of England finished his conquest of Wales. The Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated on March 3, 1284 the Principality of Wales into England.
1671 The Paris opera one of the great opera companies of the world, is descended from the Académie de l'Opéra, which opened on March 3, 1671 on a converted tennis court. The Paris Opera was the primary opera company during the mid-19th century, when its artistic policies molded the conception of grand opera.
1703 British polymath Robert Hooke died on March 3, 1703. When Hooke published his 1665 masterpiece, Micrographia, people were astounded by its depictions of the miniature world. Samuel Pepys called it "the most ingenious book that I ever read in my life". Until then, few people knew that fleas had hairy legs or that plants comprised cells (Hooke coined the term "cell").
1776 The United States Marine Corps was founded as the Continental Marines by a resolution of the Second Continental Congress on November 10, 1775 during the American Revolutionary War. The first Marine landing on a hostile shore took place during the Battle of Nassau in the Bahamas on March 3-4, 1776. The marines under Capt. Samuel Nicholas seized Fort Montagu at the eastern end of the Nassau harbor then took control of the poorly defended town.
1821 Thomas L. Jennings was an African-American tradesman who operated and owned a tailoring business. He was the first to patent the commercial dry cleaning process known as "dry scouring", on March 3, 1821. Jennings was the first African American to be granted a patent. He used the proceeds from his invention to buy his wife and children out of slavery.
1845 Florida became the 27th state of the United States of America on March 3, 1845. It was admitted as a slave state, although initially its population grew slowly. Florida's admission as a slave state was a significant event in the lead-up to the American Civil War.
1847 Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, was born 16 South Charlotte Street in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. To close relatives and friends he remained "Aleck" which his father continued to call him into later life. Bell's father was a specialist in deaf children's education who invented "visible speech", a method of phonetic notation for deaf mutes.
1671 The Paris opera one of the great opera companies of the world, is descended from the Académie de l'Opéra, which opened on March 3, 1671 on a converted tennis court. The Paris Opera was the primary opera company during the mid-19th century, when its artistic policies molded the conception of grand opera.
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| The Théâtre des Arts, principal venue of the Paris Opera from 1794–1820 |
1703 British polymath Robert Hooke died on March 3, 1703. When Hooke published his 1665 masterpiece, Micrographia, people were astounded by its depictions of the miniature world. Samuel Pepys called it "the most ingenious book that I ever read in my life". Until then, few people knew that fleas had hairy legs or that plants comprised cells (Hooke coined the term "cell").
1776 The United States Marine Corps was founded as the Continental Marines by a resolution of the Second Continental Congress on November 10, 1775 during the American Revolutionary War. The first Marine landing on a hostile shore took place during the Battle of Nassau in the Bahamas on March 3-4, 1776. The marines under Capt. Samuel Nicholas seized Fort Montagu at the eastern end of the Nassau harbor then took control of the poorly defended town.
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| Continental Marines landing on March 3, 1776 |
1821 Thomas L. Jennings was an African-American tradesman who operated and owned a tailoring business. He was the first to patent the commercial dry cleaning process known as "dry scouring", on March 3, 1821. Jennings was the first African American to be granted a patent. He used the proceeds from his invention to buy his wife and children out of slavery.
1845 Florida became the 27th state of the United States of America on March 3, 1845. It was admitted as a slave state, although initially its population grew slowly. Florida's admission as a slave state was a significant event in the lead-up to the American Civil War.
1847 Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the telephone, was born 16 South Charlotte Street in Edinburgh, Scotland, on March 3, 1847. To close relatives and friends he remained "Aleck" which his father continued to call him into later life. Bell's father was a specialist in deaf children's education who invented "visible speech", a method of phonetic notation for deaf mutes.
1861 Czar Alexander II of Russia was motivated by Christian principles and a desire for modernization and progress in Russia. On March 3, 1861, he announced the emancipation of the serfs, who were the largest group of unfree peasants in Russia. The emancipation was a significant reform that marked the beginning of a new era in Russian history.
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| Coat of arms of the Idaho Territory (1863–1866) of Idaho Territory |
1875 Georges Bizet's opera Carmen premiered at the Opéra-Comique in Paris on March 3, 1875. Carmen is an opéra comique about a passionate but self-destructive gypsy girl and her dramatic murder at the hands of her pathologically jealous soldier lover. Despite its popularity today, Carmen bombed at its premiere at the Opéra Comique of Paris as the audience found the risqué plot, with its robbers, gypsies and cigarette-girls, too hot to handle.
1875 The earliest recorded use of the term ice hockey is linked with a game at Montreal's Victoria Skating Rink in the vicinity of McGill University. The match between two nine-member teams took place on March 3, 1875. The game was organised by James Creighton, a member of the Victoria Skating Club and a figure skating judge. The key innovation was the substitution of a square, wooden puck, which offered the players far more control than they had over a lacrosse ball.
1876 The Kentucky meat shower took place on March 3, 1876, during which what appeared to be flakes of red meat measuring approximately 5 by 5 centimetres (2 in × 2 in) fell from the sky near the settlement of Rankin in Bath County, Kentucky. The incident sparked plenty of wild theories about how it happened. To this day, there's no 100% certain explanation.
1879 Politician Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina was sworn in as the second African American congressman in December 1870. (The first being Hiram Revels.) He was the first black presiding officer of the House of Representatives. Rainey served a total of four terms in Congress until March 3, 1879, establishing a record of length of service for a black Congressman that was not surpassed until that of William L. Dawson of Chicago in the 1950s.
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| Joseph H Rainey |
1902 Sarah Rector was born on March 3, 1902. An impoverished African American member of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, at the age of 11 she became a millionaire oil baron when oil was discovered on the land allotted to her by the government. Sarah avoided hundreds of attempts to scam her out of her fortune and became known as the “Richest colored girl in the world.” She lost the majority of her wealth in the Great Depression, as did many wealthy Americans.
1918 Continuing discontent with the cost of the war led to the creation of the Soviet Socialist Republic, and Russia's signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany on March 3, 1918, ending Russia's involvement in World War I. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk allowed the transfer of large numbers of German troops from the East to the Western Front, resulting in the German March 1918 Offensive.
1923 The first issue of Time magazine was published on March 3, 1923, featuring Joseph G. Cannon, the retired Speaker of the House of Representatives, on its cover. The magazine was founded by Henry Luce and his business partner, Briton Hadden with the intention of providing a weekly news magazine with a concise summary of the week's most important news stories. The magazine's name, "Time," was meant to reflect its focus on the passing of time and the events that shape history.
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| The first issue of Time featuring Speaker Joseph G. Cannon. |
1931 In 1916 President Woodrow Wilson issued an executive order making "The Star-Spangled Banner" the US national anthem. The order was confirmed by a congressional resolution on March 3, 1931 which was signed by President Herbert Hoover. Before 1931, the US national anthem was "My Country 'Tis Of Thee."
1938 Saudi Arabian Petroleum was first discovered on March 3, 1938 by the Americans in commercial quantities at Dammam oil well No. 7 in 1938 in what is now modern day Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. It was followed up by several other finds in the Eastern Province.
1941 On a trip to Spain during the Civil War in the 1930s, Forrest Mars Sr. son of the founder of the Mars Company Frank C. Mars, encountered soldiers who were eating pellets of chocolate that were encased in a hard sugary coating to prevent them from melting. Inspired by this idea, Mr. Mars went back to his kitchen and came up with the recipe for M&M's. Forrest Mars Sr. received a patent for his manufacturing process of M&M's on March 3, 1941.
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| Plain/Milk Chocolate M&M's were introduced in 1941. Wikipedia |
1943 The UK's worst civilian disaster of World War II was at Bethnal Green Tube station on March 3, 1943, when 173 people — 27 men, 84 women and 62 children — were crushed to death after crowds rushed into the station's bomb shelter as an air-raid warning was sounded.
1959 The first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched into orbit by the Soviet Union in 1957. Model Sputniks were among gifts given by the Soviet government to UK Prime Minister Mr Harold Macmillan and Mr Selwyn Lloyd, Foreign Secretary, on March 3, 1959 during a visit to Moscow.
The model Sputniks given by the Soviet government played the Soviet national anthem, punctuated by a ‘Beep, beep, beep’ — the sound of the three real Sputniks.
1966 The BBC announced plans on March 3, 1966 plans to broadcast in color from the following year, making Britain the first country in Europe to offer regular TV color programming. The move to color programming was a significant technological advance for the BBC, as it required the development of new cameras, studio equipment, and transmission infrastructure.
1999 The last person to be executed in the gas chamber was German national Walter LaGrand. Sentenced to death for killing a man during a bungled bank robbery in Marana, Arizona, he was executed on March 3, 1999.
2008 The full name of The Boy Bands Have Won, the 13th studio album by British music group Chumbawamba released on March 3, 2008 contains 865 characters. It holds the Guinness World Record for the longest album title. See picture below for its full title.
2011 Adele's 21 was the first album to sell more than three million copies in the UK in one calendar year. On March 3, 2011 it broke the record for the most weeks for a solo female artist at #1 in the UK Its 23-week tenure atop the UK Albums Chart is the longest by a female solo artist. In the United States, it held the top position for 24 weeks, longer than any other album since 1985 and the longest by a female solo artist in Billboard 200 history.
2017 Ed Sheeran's Divide album enjoyed unprecedented success, notching up a string of impressive world records from when it was released on March 3, 2017. The long-player debuted at #1 on that week's UK Official Albums Chart and became the the fastest-selling pop album in the UK by a male artist of all time. With a staggering 672,000 first-week sales and downloads, it sold more copies in its first week than the rest of the UK's Top 500 albums combined.
The model Sputniks given by the Soviet government played the Soviet national anthem, punctuated by a ‘Beep, beep, beep’ — the sound of the three real Sputniks.
1966 The BBC announced plans on March 3, 1966 plans to broadcast in color from the following year, making Britain the first country in Europe to offer regular TV color programming. The move to color programming was a significant technological advance for the BBC, as it required the development of new cameras, studio equipment, and transmission infrastructure.
1999 The last person to be executed in the gas chamber was German national Walter LaGrand. Sentenced to death for killing a man during a bungled bank robbery in Marana, Arizona, he was executed on March 3, 1999.
2008 The full name of The Boy Bands Have Won, the 13th studio album by British music group Chumbawamba released on March 3, 2008 contains 865 characters. It holds the Guinness World Record for the longest album title. See picture below for its full title.
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| Wikipedia |
2011 Adele's 21 was the first album to sell more than three million copies in the UK in one calendar year. On March 3, 2011 it broke the record for the most weeks for a solo female artist at #1 in the UK Its 23-week tenure atop the UK Albums Chart is the longest by a female solo artist. In the United States, it held the top position for 24 weeks, longer than any other album since 1985 and the longest by a female solo artist in Billboard 200 history.
2017 Ed Sheeran's Divide album enjoyed unprecedented success, notching up a string of impressive world records from when it was released on March 3, 2017. The long-player debuted at #1 on that week's UK Official Albums Chart and became the the fastest-selling pop album in the UK by a male artist of all time. With a staggering 672,000 first-week sales and downloads, it sold more copies in its first week than the rest of the UK's Top 500 albums combined.
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