98 Trajan succeeded Nerva as Roman emperor on January 27, 98. Trajan conquered Dacia (approximately modern Romania) and his war against the Parthian Empire in Asia ended with the annexation of Armenia and Mesopotamia. Under Trajan's rule the Roman Empire reached its greatest territorial extent. Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks. One of them was Trajan's Forum.
672 The Spaniards first introduced the use of the organ in churches in the fifth century. The more wide spread use of church organ music is traditionally believed to date from the time of Vitalian's papacy between July 30, 657 and January 27, 672.
1302 Dante Alighieri, the Florentine poet and politician, was a leader of the Bianchi, who opposed the bankers who wanted to involve France in Papal ambitions. Dante served as city prior (Florence's highest position) for two months but when the Bianchi lost power he was accused of misapplication of monies and exiled from Florence on January 27, 1302. Dante pleaded his innocence but was sentenced to permanent banishment from Florence, and to the death penalty should he ever return.
1596 Sir Francis Drake’s last expedition was to the West Indies with Hawkins in 1595. In January 1596 he fell ill of yellow fever and dysentery on his ship off the Panamanian town of Portobelo. In his delirium, Drake struggled from bed, insisting that he should don his armor and die like a warrior. He passed away on the night of January 27, 1596. Drake's body was placed in a lead coffin and dropped into the sea.
1689 Peter the Great's first wife was chosen by his mother when Peter was 17. Eudoxia Lopuizhina was the daughter of an aristocrat and they married on January 27, 1689. The marriage was a huge failure, and during his prolonged journey to Western Europe, Peter asked his relatives to persuade Eudoxia to enter a monastery. This could not be effected until 1698, when she was finally banished to the Intercession Convent of Suzdal, thus freeing him from the marriage.
1756 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756 to Leopold Mozart, a musician of the Salzburg Royal Chamber, and Anna Maria, née Pertl, at 9 Getreidegasse in Salzburg. As a child Wolfgang Mozart created a sensation at European courts with his ability to sight read music and improvise. He began picking out chords from a harpsichord at the age of three. At four he was playing short pieces and Young Wolfgang wrote two minuets for the harpsichord at five.
1785 The University of Georgia, the first public university in the United States, was incorporated on January 27, 1785, by the Georgia General Assembly, which had given its trustees, the Senatus Academicus of the University of Georgia, 40,000 acres (160 km²) for the purposes of founding a "college or seminary of learning."
1832 Alice in Wonderland author Lewis Carroll was born Charles Dodgson on January 27, 1832 in the little parsonage of Daresbury in Cheshire. His authoritarian clergyman father Dr Charles Dodgson and his uneducated mother, Frances, were first cousins and unusually religious. Young Charles grew out of infancy into a bright, articulate boy. His "reading lists" preserved in the family testify to a precocious intellect: at the age of seven the child was reading The Pilgrim's Progress.
1859 Kaiser Wilhelm II was born on January 27, 1859 at the Crown Prince's Palace, Berlin, to Victoria, Princess Royal, the wife of Prince Frederick William of Prussia (the future Frederick III).
Victoria was the eldest daughter of Britain's Queen Victoria. Wilhelm was the first grandchild of the English queen and Prince Albert. He reigned in Germany from 1888 until his abdication on November 9, 1918 shortly before his country's defeat in World War I.
1880 Thomas Edison received the patent for his incandescent light bulb on January 27, 1880. Edison worked thousands of hours on the electric light bulb experimenting with 1,200 different varieties of bamboo before finding the ideal one for the filament in 1879. He eventually found a carbonized bamboo fibre that remained lit for up to 1,200 hours in a vacuum.
1901 Italian opera composer Giuseppe Verdi died of a stroke in Milan on January 27, 1901 at the age of 87. Verdi's funeral ceremony in Milan was simple and without music, at the composer's request, but his state funeral, with many orchestras, remains the largest public assembly ever in Italy. An estimated 300,000 people lined the streets to pay homage.
1910 Thomas Crapper perfected the siphon flush toilet, which, by drawing water uphill through a sealed cistern, is both effective and hygienic. He first demonstrated it in 1863. When Prince Edward (later Edward VII) purchased his country seat of Sandringham House in Norfolk in the 1880s, he asked Thomas Crapper & Co. to supply the plumbing. Crapper retired in 1904 and died on January 27, 1910.
1931 The first nationally broadcast radio soap opera was Clara, Lu 'n Em, which aired on the NBC Blue Network at 10:30 p.m. Eastern Time on January 27, 1931. The storylines centered on three women who lived in a small-town duplex and the programs were sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive.
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| Statue of Trajan, posing in military garb. By Hartmann Linge |
672 The Spaniards first introduced the use of the organ in churches in the fifth century. The more wide spread use of church organ music is traditionally believed to date from the time of Vitalian's papacy between July 30, 657 and January 27, 672.
1302 Dante Alighieri, the Florentine poet and politician, was a leader of the Bianchi, who opposed the bankers who wanted to involve France in Papal ambitions. Dante served as city prior (Florence's highest position) for two months but when the Bianchi lost power he was accused of misapplication of monies and exiled from Florence on January 27, 1302. Dante pleaded his innocence but was sentenced to permanent banishment from Florence, and to the death penalty should he ever return.
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| Dante Florentine inferno. A detail of Domenico di Michelino's painting, Florence, 1465 |
1596 Sir Francis Drake’s last expedition was to the West Indies with Hawkins in 1595. In January 1596 he fell ill of yellow fever and dysentery on his ship off the Panamanian town of Portobelo. In his delirium, Drake struggled from bed, insisting that he should don his armor and die like a warrior. He passed away on the night of January 27, 1596. Drake's body was placed in a lead coffin and dropped into the sea.
1689 Peter the Great's first wife was chosen by his mother when Peter was 17. Eudoxia Lopuizhina was the daughter of an aristocrat and they married on January 27, 1689. The marriage was a huge failure, and during his prolonged journey to Western Europe, Peter asked his relatives to persuade Eudoxia to enter a monastery. This could not be effected until 1698, when she was finally banished to the Intercession Convent of Suzdal, thus freeing him from the marriage.
1756 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756 to Leopold Mozart, a musician of the Salzburg Royal Chamber, and Anna Maria, née Pertl, at 9 Getreidegasse in Salzburg. As a child Wolfgang Mozart created a sensation at European courts with his ability to sight read music and improvise. He began picking out chords from a harpsichord at the age of three. At four he was playing short pieces and Young Wolfgang wrote two minuets for the harpsichord at five.
1785 The University of Georgia, the first public university in the United States, was incorporated on January 27, 1785, by the Georgia General Assembly, which had given its trustees, the Senatus Academicus of the University of Georgia, 40,000 acres (160 km²) for the purposes of founding a "college or seminary of learning."
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| Park Hall, one of the oldest buildings on campus. By Josh Hallett from Winter Haven, FL |
1832 Alice in Wonderland author Lewis Carroll was born Charles Dodgson on January 27, 1832 in the little parsonage of Daresbury in Cheshire. His authoritarian clergyman father Dr Charles Dodgson and his uneducated mother, Frances, were first cousins and unusually religious. Young Charles grew out of infancy into a bright, articulate boy. His "reading lists" preserved in the family testify to a precocious intellect: at the age of seven the child was reading The Pilgrim's Progress.
1859 Kaiser Wilhelm II was born on January 27, 1859 at the Crown Prince's Palace, Berlin, to Victoria, Princess Royal, the wife of Prince Frederick William of Prussia (the future Frederick III).
Victoria was the eldest daughter of Britain's Queen Victoria. Wilhelm was the first grandchild of the English queen and Prince Albert. He reigned in Germany from 1888 until his abdication on November 9, 1918 shortly before his country's defeat in World War I.
1880 Thomas Edison received the patent for his incandescent light bulb on January 27, 1880. Edison worked thousands of hours on the electric light bulb experimenting with 1,200 different varieties of bamboo before finding the ideal one for the filament in 1879. He eventually found a carbonized bamboo fibre that remained lit for up to 1,200 hours in a vacuum.
1901 Italian opera composer Giuseppe Verdi died of a stroke in Milan on January 27, 1901 at the age of 87. Verdi's funeral ceremony in Milan was simple and without music, at the composer's request, but his state funeral, with many orchestras, remains the largest public assembly ever in Italy. An estimated 300,000 people lined the streets to pay homage.
1910 Thomas Crapper perfected the siphon flush toilet, which, by drawing water uphill through a sealed cistern, is both effective and hygienic. He first demonstrated it in 1863. When Prince Edward (later Edward VII) purchased his country seat of Sandringham House in Norfolk in the 1880s, he asked Thomas Crapper & Co. to supply the plumbing. Crapper retired in 1904 and died on January 27, 1910.
1931 The first nationally broadcast radio soap opera was Clara, Lu 'n Em, which aired on the NBC Blue Network at 10:30 p.m. Eastern Time on January 27, 1931. The storylines centered on three women who lived in a small-town duplex and the programs were sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive.
1944 When German forces severed the last land connection to Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) in September 1941, they began the Siege of Leningrad. Over 1 million of the city's civilians died from starvation before the siege ended on January 27, 1944, becoming one of the most lethal battles in world history.
1945 The Auschwitz concentration camp was first constructed in German-occupied Poland to hold Polish political prisoners. They began to arrive in May 1940. Despite overseeing the construction of the crematoria and gas chambers at Auschwitz, what specifically shocked SS-Obersturmführer Robert Mulka at the camp was his colleagues' dress sense. Russian soldiers liberated the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland on January 27, 1945.
1956 The 21-year-old Elvis Presley created a sensation with his rock 'n' roll-styled "Heartbreak Hotel," the first of his 14 records in a row that sold more than a million copies each. Released on January 27, 1956, it climbed to the top of the pop chart reaching #1 in April and spending eight weeks at the summit. The success of "Heartbreak Hotel" began Elvis' period as the most famous American musician and teen idol.
1967 The United Nations passed its Outer Space Treaty on January 27, 1967, precluding any country from claiming sovereignty over anywhere in space. The treaty also bans the nations that signed it from putting weapons of mass destruction into space.
1972 One day in 1946, a Decca record company representative overheard Mahalia Jackson singing and asked her to make a recording. “Move on up a Little Higher” was the result. The single went platinum and Jackson was thrust into the national spotlight and became an internationally famous Gospel singer. Mahalia Jackson died in Chicago on January 27, 1972, at Little Company of Mary Hospital in Evergreen Park, Illinois, of heart failure and diabetes complications.
1973 The Paris Peace Accords was signed on January 27, 1973, to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War. The treaty included the governments of North and South Vietnam, and the United States, as well as the Provisional Revolutionary Government (PRG) that represented indigenous South Vietnamese revolutionaries. The Paris Peace Treaty's provisions were broken by both North and South Vietnamese forces with no response from the United States.
1984 Wayne Gretzky set a NHL record for consecutive game scoring. The streak began on October 5, 1983, and ended on January 27, 1984. when Gretzky scored in his 51st consecutive game as the Oilers tied the New Jersey Devils 3-3. Gretzky collected 153 points (61 goals and 92 assists) during the run. It ended the next day when the L.A. Kings, with journeyman goaltender Markus Mattson in goal, defeated the Edmonton Oilers, 4-2.
1984 On January 27, 1984, Michael Jackson filmed a Pepsi Cola commercial at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles. In front of a full house of fans during a simulated concert, pyrotechnics accidentally set Jackson's hair on fire, causing second-degree burns to his scalp. Jackson underwent treatment to hide the scars on his scalp, and donated his $1.5 million settlement to the Brotman Medical Center in Culver City, California. Its Michael Jackson Burn Center is named in his honor,
1993 Akebono Tarō, who was born in Hawaii and raised in the United States, made history on January 27, 1993 by becoming the first foreign-born sumo wrestler to reach the rank of yokozuna, the highest rank in the sport of sumo wrestling in Japan. He was also the first non-Japanese wrestler to reach the highest rank in the sport.
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| Yokozuna Akebono at his retirement ceremony. By Philbert Ono Wikipedia |
1996 Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposed the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup on January 27, 1996. Ousmane continued to run for president in each election after his ouster, and was president of the National Assembly from December 1999 to May 2009.
1996 The oldest living llama in captivity is Dalai Llama, who hails from Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA. Born on January 27, 1996, Dalai officially became the record holder on February 7, 2023, at the impressive age of 27 years and 11 days. He surpassed the previous record set by "Rapper," a llama from Washington, by 108 days.
2010 On January 27, 2010, Catcher in the Rye author J.D. Salinger died in his home in Cornish, New Hampshire of natural causes at age 91. Catcher in the Rye isn't available in an ebook form because Salinger refused to allow adaptations to the book and even after his death, his agents continue to uphold his wishes.
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