1174 Bernard of Clairvaux died in 1153, after forty years spent in the cloister. A major leader in the revitalization of Benedictine monasticism through the nascent Order of Cistercians, he was canonized by Pope Alexander III on January 18, 1174 as the first Cistercian saint. In 1830 Pope Pius VIII bestowed upon Bernard the title "Doctor of the Church".
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| Bernard of Clairvaux, by Georg Andreas Wasshuber (1650–1732) |
1486 The wedding of King Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York on January 18, 1486 saw the first recorded use of fireworks in Britain. Fireworks were expensive and not widely used in Britain until the 17th century.
1535 In 1532, a group of Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca ruler Atahualpa and took over his Empire. Pizarro chose the Rímac valley as the location for the capital of the lands he'd conquered for the Spanish Crown. Francisco Pizarro founded Ciudad de los Reyes (City of the Kings) (present-day Lima) on January 18, 1535.
1733 Polar bears were not well known to Europeans and American colonists until the 18th century. The first polar bear in America was exhibited in Boston on January 18, 1733. When asked what polar bears ate, the handler said "drunk Irishmen."
1778 On January 18, 1778, Captain James Cook became the first known European to discover the Hawaiian Islands, which he named the "Sandwich Islands," in honor of his sponsor, John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich. Cook recorded in Tahiti the traditional Polynesian sport of surfing. In 1778 when he arrived in Hawaii the natives took him to Lono, the god of surfing on his giant canoe.
1782 Daniel Webster was born on January 18, 1782 in Salisbury, New Hampshire, now part of the city of Franklin. Webster represented Massachusetts in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. He sat in the House of Representatives from 1813, and in the Senate from 1827. Webster turned down two offers to be vice president by William Henry Harrison and Zachary Taylor because he thought the office was a dead-end position. Both these presidents went on to die in office.
1788 The first eleven ships carrying 736 convicts from England to Australia under the command of Governor Arthur Phillip anchored at Botany Bay between January 18 and 20, 1788. Between 1788 and 1868, approximately 162,000 convicts were transported to the various Australian penal colonies by the British government. The last shipment of convicts from Britain arrived in Western Australia in 1868. Sixteen years later the United Kingdom ended its policy of penal transportation to Australia.
1815 Both Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette's bodies were exhumed on January 18, 1815, during the Bourbon Restoration, when the comte de Provence had ascended the newly reestablished throne as Louis XVIII, King of France and Navarre. Christian burial of the royal remains took place three days later in the necropolis of French kings at the Basilica of St Denis.
1862 After complaining of chills and dizziness, John Tyler the tenth President of the United States, collapsed. He died six days later on January 18, 1862, most likely due to a stroke. Tyler's death was the only one in Presidential history not to be officially recognized in Washington, D. C. because of his loyalty to the Confederacy.
1871 After the French defeated the German princes in the Franco-Prussian War, the ensuing patriotic fever united all the states. The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on January 18, 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. The Otto Von Bismarck-led Prussia was the dominant constituent state of the new empire and Berlin became its capital.
1886 The earliest mention of the present-day name of hockey dates back to 1527, when the Galway Statutes included hockie - "the horlinge of litill balle with . . . stickes or staves" - in a list of prohibited games. Modern field hockey dates from January 18, 1886, when the English Hockey Association was formed in London and standardized rules were adopted, including adding the shooting circle around each goal.
1892 Oliver Hardy was born Norvell Hardy on January 18, 1892 in Harlem, Georgia, USA. He chose his father's first name calling himself Oliver Norvell Hardy during his career as a stage singer. Hardy's first onscreen appearance was in the 1914 comedy film, Outwitting Dad. He was an accomplished actor by the time he teamed up with Stan Laurel in 1927 having featured in over 250 productions. As a team, Laurel and Hardy became famous for their slapstick comedy, appearing in 107 films.
1892 The author Rudyard Kipling first met American, Caroline "Carrie" Balestier, the sister of an American writer and publishing agent, Wolcott Balestier, after they collaborated on a novel. On January 18 1892, he married Carrie Balestier at All Souls Church, Langham Place, London. His best man was the novelist Henry James.
1535 In 1532, a group of Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca ruler Atahualpa and took over his Empire. Pizarro chose the Rímac valley as the location for the capital of the lands he'd conquered for the Spanish Crown. Francisco Pizarro founded Ciudad de los Reyes (City of the Kings) (present-day Lima) on January 18, 1535.
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| Lima Foundation by Francisco Pizarro (1535) |
1733 Polar bears were not well known to Europeans and American colonists until the 18th century. The first polar bear in America was exhibited in Boston on January 18, 1733. When asked what polar bears ate, the handler said "drunk Irishmen."
1778 On January 18, 1778, Captain James Cook became the first known European to discover the Hawaiian Islands, which he named the "Sandwich Islands," in honor of his sponsor, John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich. Cook recorded in Tahiti the traditional Polynesian sport of surfing. In 1778 when he arrived in Hawaii the natives took him to Lono, the god of surfing on his giant canoe.
1782 Daniel Webster was born on January 18, 1782 in Salisbury, New Hampshire, now part of the city of Franklin. Webster represented Massachusetts in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. He sat in the House of Representatives from 1813, and in the Senate from 1827. Webster turned down two offers to be vice president by William Henry Harrison and Zachary Taylor because he thought the office was a dead-end position. Both these presidents went on to die in office.
1788 The first eleven ships carrying 736 convicts from England to Australia under the command of Governor Arthur Phillip anchored at Botany Bay between January 18 and 20, 1788. Between 1788 and 1868, approximately 162,000 convicts were transported to the various Australian penal colonies by the British government. The last shipment of convicts from Britain arrived in Western Australia in 1868. Sixteen years later the United Kingdom ended its policy of penal transportation to Australia.
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| Botany Bay, 1788 watercolour by Charles Gore |
1815 Both Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette's bodies were exhumed on January 18, 1815, during the Bourbon Restoration, when the comte de Provence had ascended the newly reestablished throne as Louis XVIII, King of France and Navarre. Christian burial of the royal remains took place three days later in the necropolis of French kings at the Basilica of St Denis.
1862 After complaining of chills and dizziness, John Tyler the tenth President of the United States, collapsed. He died six days later on January 18, 1862, most likely due to a stroke. Tyler's death was the only one in Presidential history not to be officially recognized in Washington, D. C. because of his loyalty to the Confederacy.
1871 After the French defeated the German princes in the Franco-Prussian War, the ensuing patriotic fever united all the states. The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on January 18, 1871 at the Versailles Palace's Hall of Mirrors in France. The Otto Von Bismarck-led Prussia was the dominant constituent state of the new empire and Berlin became its capital.
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| Foundation of the German Empire in Versailles, 1871. Bismarck is at the centre in a white uniform. |
1886 The earliest mention of the present-day name of hockey dates back to 1527, when the Galway Statutes included hockie - "the horlinge of litill balle with . . . stickes or staves" - in a list of prohibited games. Modern field hockey dates from January 18, 1886, when the English Hockey Association was formed in London and standardized rules were adopted, including adding the shooting circle around each goal.
1892 Oliver Hardy was born Norvell Hardy on January 18, 1892 in Harlem, Georgia, USA. He chose his father's first name calling himself Oliver Norvell Hardy during his career as a stage singer. Hardy's first onscreen appearance was in the 1914 comedy film, Outwitting Dad. He was an accomplished actor by the time he teamed up with Stan Laurel in 1927 having featured in over 250 productions. As a team, Laurel and Hardy became famous for their slapstick comedy, appearing in 107 films.
1892 The author Rudyard Kipling first met American, Caroline "Carrie" Balestier, the sister of an American writer and publishing agent, Wolcott Balestier, after they collaborated on a novel. On January 18 1892, he married Carrie Balestier at All Souls Church, Langham Place, London. His best man was the novelist Henry James.
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| Mrs. Kipling in 1899, painted by Edward Burne-Jones |
1904 Hollywood star Cary Grant was born Archibald Alexander Leach on January 18, 1904 in Bristol, England He was the only surviving child of Elsie Leach (née Kingdon) and Elias Leach, an alcoholic pants presser. At the age of 16, he went to the US with the Pender Troupe as a stilt walker. After a series of successful performances in New York City, he decided to stay there and became an actor starring in such films as The Philadelphia Story, His Girl Friday, Notorious, and North By Northwest.
1911 The first landing of an aircraft on a ship’s deck was made by American pilot Eugene Ely. His Curtis Pusher bi-plane landed on a special 120ft platform on the U.S armored cruiser Pennsylvania, in San Francisco Bay on January 18, 1911. Two months previously Ely had made the first successful take off from a warship.
1927 The construction of the Indian Parliament House in New Delhi took six years. The opening ceremony was performed on January 18, 1927 by the then Governor-General of India, Irwin. Its design is said to be inspired by the circular Chausath Yogini Temple, dated to 1323 AD.
1936 English author and poet Rudyard Kipling kept writing until the early 1930s, but at a slower pace. One January night in 1936, he suffered a hemorrhage in his small intestine. Kipling underwent surgery, but died less than a week later of a perforated duodenal ulcer on January 18, 1936 at the age of 70. The pallbearers at the funeral included Kipling's cousin, the British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin.
1936 On January 18, 1936, Bertrand Russell married his third wife, a vivacious 25 year old redhead Oxford student named Patricia ("Peter") Spence, at the Midhurst register office. She had been his children's governess since 1930. Patricia acted as secretary to Russell. She left him in 1951 after years of Russell's womanizing. A year later Russell divorced Peter and married his fourth wife, American writer and biographer Edith Finch.
1937 The 25,000,000th Ford car as driven off the assembly line on January 18, 1937. Henry Ford, the founder of the Ford Motor Company witnessed the achievement and was driven in the vehicle by his son, Mr. Edsel Ford, to the company's exhibition building. The vehicle took its place there with other historic models,
1943 During World War II, bakers in the United States were ordered to stop selling sliced bread for the duration of the war on January 18, 1943. Only whole loaves were made available to the public. It was never explained how this action helped the war effort.
1955 The actor Kevin Costner was born in Lynwood, California on January 18, 1955. He is the youngest of three boys (the middle of whom died at birth) of Bill and Sharon Costner. Before hitting it big in the acting business Kevin Costner worked as a skipper on the ride, the Jungle Cruise, at Disneyland in Anaheim, California. His first film role was in the 1981 low-budget softcore film Sizzle Beach.
1958 Afro-Canadian Willie O'Ree was the very first black player in the NHL Signed by Boston Bruins he made his NHL debut with the Bruins on January 18, 1958, against the Montreal Canadiens.
O'Ree appeared in two games that year playing as a winger, and came back in 1961 to play 43 games, scoring 4 goals and 10 assists. O'Ree is referred to as the "Jackie Robinson of ice hockey" due to breaking the black color barrier in the sport.
2015 An estimated 6 to 7 million people attended the Concluding Eucharistic Celebration in Luneta Park, Manila on January 18, 2015. This massive gathering marked the end of Pope Francis' 5-day apostolic and state visit to the Philippines and is widely considered the largest papal crowd in history.
2023 The record for the most comments on a Facebook item belongs to a post by Italian Marco Mandia and the T.D.C. group with a whopping 30,019,620 comments. This record was achieved online and verified by Guinness World Records on January 18, 2023. The T.D.C. is a large Facebook community with over 200,000 members who consider themselves like a family. They came together to attempt this record together as a testament to their bond and community spirit.
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