347 Theodosius I, also called Theodosius the Great, was born in Hispania (now Spain) on January 11, 347. The son of a military officer, Flavius Theodosius was raised in a Christian family and baptized in 380. A Roman Emperor from 379 to 395, he was the prime mover of imperial Christianity during its early period as a privileged religion and the last of the great Roman emperors.
887 Boso was a Frankish nobleman of the Bosonid family who was related to the Carolingian dynasty and who rose to become King of Lower Burgundy and Provence. He died on January 11, 887. Boso formed close relations to the papacy and accompanied Pope John VIII in September 878 to Troyes. The Pope adopted Boso as his son and Boso is said to have cut off his hair and given it to Pope John VIII as a sign that the latter had adopted him.
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| Nummus of Theodosius I Photographed by: York Museums Trust Staff |
887 Boso was a Frankish nobleman of the Bosonid family who was related to the Carolingian dynasty and who rose to become King of Lower Burgundy and Provence. He died on January 11, 887. Boso formed close relations to the papacy and accompanied Pope John VIII in September 878 to Troyes. The Pope adopted Boso as his son and Boso is said to have cut off his hair and given it to Pope John VIII as a sign that the latter had adopted him.
1569 The first British lottery took place near St Paul's Cathedral in London on January 11, 1569. It was organised under Queen Elizabeth I, to raise money to repair the country's harbors and the prizes were plates, tapestry and money. Despite the lottery being promoted by scrolls posted throughout the country showing sketches of the prizes it was a flop. So constables and justices were dispatched to "persuade" minor criminals and vagabonds to buy a ticket.
1759 The Presbyterian Synods of New York and Philadelphia founded the life insurance company "Presbyterian Ministers Fund for Life Insurance" on January 11, 1759. The first ever life insurance outfit in America, it was established to help Presbyterian women whose husbands had died.
1785 New York City became the United States of America's capital on January 11, 1785, when Congress, under the Articles of Confederation, met at the Federal House in Lower Manhattan. The city remained the seat of the nation for five years until 1790 when the capital city of the U.S. moved to Philadelphia.
1787 Anglo-German astronomer William Herschel discovered two Uranian moons on January 11, 1787, which were later named, by his son, after characters from the Shakespeare play A Midsummer Night's Dream, Oberon and Titania.
1813 The pineapple is not native to the Hawaiian Islands. In fact, pineapples did not appear there until 1813. Don Francisco de Paula y Marin, a Spanish confidant of King Kamehameha, brought the fruits with him on one of his trips to the islands. They were first planted there on January 11, 1813.
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| English Lottery 1566 Scroll. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikipedia Commons |
1759 The Presbyterian Synods of New York and Philadelphia founded the life insurance company "Presbyterian Ministers Fund for Life Insurance" on January 11, 1759. The first ever life insurance outfit in America, it was established to help Presbyterian women whose husbands had died.
1785 New York City became the United States of America's capital on January 11, 1785, when Congress, under the Articles of Confederation, met at the Federal House in Lower Manhattan. The city remained the seat of the nation for five years until 1790 when the capital city of the U.S. moved to Philadelphia.
1787 Anglo-German astronomer William Herschel discovered two Uranian moons on January 11, 1787, which were later named, by his son, after characters from the Shakespeare play A Midsummer Night's Dream, Oberon and Titania.
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| Voyager 2 picture of Oberon |
1813 The pineapple is not native to the Hawaiian Islands. In fact, pineapples did not appear there until 1813. Don Francisco de Paula y Marin, a Spanish confidant of King Kamehameha, brought the fruits with him on one of his trips to the islands. They were first planted there on January 11, 1813.
1818 Percy Shelley's Ozymandias, his most famous short poem, was first published in Leigh Hunt's Examiner on January 11, 1818. The central theme of the work is the inevitable (unavoidable) ruin of leaders and empires. The message is that all leaders and the empires they build will always end up as nothing, however mighty they are.
1829 The essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson's father was a Unitarian minister, and Emerson initially followed his footsteps, attending Harvard Divinity School. Boston's Second Church invited Emerson to serve as its junior pastor and he was ordained on January 11, 1829. His initial salary was $1,200 a year, increasing to $1,400 in July. In time Emerson developed a belief system that espoused a non-traditional appreciation of nature called Transcendentalism.
1829 The essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson's father was a Unitarian minister, and Emerson initially followed his footsteps, attending Harvard Divinity School. Boston's Second Church invited Emerson to serve as its junior pastor and he was ordained on January 11, 1829. His initial salary was $1,200 a year, increasing to $1,400 in July. In time Emerson developed a belief system that espoused a non-traditional appreciation of nature called Transcendentalism.
1848 The "Father of the Railways," George Stephenson, got married for the third time to Ellen Gregory, on January 11, 1848 at St John's Church in Shrewsbury. She had been his housekeeper. Stephenson's previous two marriages ended when his wives passed away. Seven months after his wedding, Stephenson contracted pleurisy and died, aged 67.
1896 The first use of X-rays under clinical conditions was by John Hall-Edwards in Birmingham, England on January 11, 1896, when he radiographed a needle stuck in the hand of an associate. This occurred just two months after German physics professor Wilhelm Röntgen made the first X-ray, an image of his wife Bertha's hand.
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| William H. Holmes (1882). Artwork such as this was used to popularize the Grand Canyon area. |
1918 Murphy's Law is an adage about accidents that is typically stated as: Anything that can go wrong will go wrong. It is named after aerospace engineer Edward A. Murphy Jr. who was born on January 11, 1918. It is a misinterpretation of his statement "If there's more than one way to do a job, and one of those ways will result in disaster, then he [his assistant] will do it that way."
1922 At Toronto's General Hospital, 14-year-old diabetic Leonard Thompson became on January 11, 1922 the first person to be treated with the insulin drug, using a fetal calf pancreas extract. However, the ox extract was so impure, Thompson suffered a severe allergic reaction, and further injections were canceled. A second dose was injected twelve days later with an improved extract. This was completely successful in completely eliminating the glycosuria sign of diabetes.
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| Insulin |
1928 English novelist and poet Thomas Hardy fell ill in December 1927 after catching a chill a fortnight before Christmas. He died peacefully a month later on January 11, 1928, after dictating his final poem to his wife Florence on his deathbed. Hardy's last movement was an inclination of his head towards Florence who was at his bedside, as though he was endeavoring to nod to her.
1933 Leonard Skinner, a high school gym teacher and basketball coach from Jacksonville, Florida, was born on January 11, 1933. The rock music group Lynyrd Skynyrd is named after Skinner because of his strict enforcement of a policy against students wearing long hair.
1935 Amelia Earhart became the first person to fly solo from Hawaii to California on January 11, 1935. Although this transoceanic flight had been attempted by many others, her trailblazing flight was mainly routine, with no mechanical breakdowns. In her final hours, Earhart even relaxed and listened to "the broadcast of the Metropolitan Opera from New York."
1946 Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania, declared the People's Republic of Albania on January 11, 1946, with himself as head of state. In 1967 Albania became the world’s first officially atheist state. After the fall of communism in 1992, the country's name changed to simply Republic of Albania.
1954 RAF weather forecaster George Cowling was the BBC's first television weatherman. He gave the first televised weather forecast from the BBC's Lime Grove Studios, at 7.55pm on January 11, 1954. Cowling stood in front of the weather map and informed the viewing public that "tomorrow would be rather windy, a good day to hang out the washing."
1964 Billboard magazine published its first country and western album chart on January 11, 1964. At #1 was Johnny Cash's Ring of Fire album. The chart was initially titled "Hot Country Albums" and ranked the top-selling country and western albums based on sales data. It later underwent name changes and is now known as Top Country Albums.
1964 On January 11, 1964 the Surgeon General of the United States Dr. Luther Terry, M.D., published the landmark report Smoking and Health: Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the United States stating that smoking may be hazardous to health. This sparked national and worldwide anti-smoking efforts.
1972 Substantially different in culture, language, and geography from Western Pakistan, East Pakistan resented their political and military dominance. In December 1971, East Pakistan was liberated from Western Pakistan after India intervened on the secessionists' side. East Pakistan renamed itself Bangladesh on January 11, 1972 and rapidly gained international recognition. The national flag (see below) was adopted officially six days later.
1973 The designated hitter rule, the common name for Major League Baseball Rule 6.10, was adopted by the American League on January 11, 1973. The rule allows teams to have one player, known as the designated hitter, to bat in place of the pitcher.
1973 The Open University put out its first television broadcast about mathematics on the United Kingdom's BBC Two in 1971. Two years later, on January 11, 1973, the first Open University degrees were awarded to students who had spent two years studying at home. Within just two years, it had become the UK's largest university, with more than 40,000 students.
2016 In 1987, David Bowie traveled to West Berlin, where he once lived and with his back to the Berlin Wall, he belted out "Heroes" with his band, crying out for liberty to the crowd in German. Thousands of East Berliners subsequently began vigorously protesting against the Communist regime. On January 11, 2016, the German Foreign Office officially recognized David Bowie’s contribution in helping bring down the wall.
2017 Norway was the first country in the world to start phasing out the FM radio signal in favor of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB). It started turning off FM radio on January 11, 2017 in the northernmost city of Bodø.
1972 Substantially different in culture, language, and geography from Western Pakistan, East Pakistan resented their political and military dominance. In December 1971, East Pakistan was liberated from Western Pakistan after India intervened on the secessionists' side. East Pakistan renamed itself Bangladesh on January 11, 1972 and rapidly gained international recognition. The national flag (see below) was adopted officially six days later.
1973 The designated hitter rule, the common name for Major League Baseball Rule 6.10, was adopted by the American League on January 11, 1973. The rule allows teams to have one player, known as the designated hitter, to bat in place of the pitcher.
1973 The Open University put out its first television broadcast about mathematics on the United Kingdom's BBC Two in 1971. Two years later, on January 11, 1973, the first Open University degrees were awarded to students who had spent two years studying at home. Within just two years, it had become the UK's largest university, with more than 40,000 students.
2016 In 1987, David Bowie traveled to West Berlin, where he once lived and with his back to the Berlin Wall, he belted out "Heroes" with his band, crying out for liberty to the crowd in German. Thousands of East Berliners subsequently began vigorously protesting against the Communist regime. On January 11, 2016, the German Foreign Office officially recognized David Bowie’s contribution in helping bring down the wall.
2017 Norway was the first country in the world to start phasing out the FM radio signal in favor of Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB). It started turning off FM radio on January 11, 2017 in the northernmost city of Bodø.
2020 After coronavirus was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the genetic sequence of COVID‑19 was published on January 11, 2020, triggering an urgent international response to prepare for an outbreak and hasten development of a preventive vaccine. By December 2020, Tozinameran, had become the first COVID-19 vaccine to be approved for national use. Before Covid-19, the record for the fastest vaccine development — for mumps — was four years.
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