1542 Mary Queen of Scots was born on December 8, 1542 at Linlithglow Palace near Falkirk, Scotland during a cold winter. She was born to James V, King of Scotland, and his French second wife, Mary of Guise. Mary was said to have been born prematurely and was the only legitimate child of James to survive him. The six-day-old Mary became the Queen of Scotland on the death of her father.
1660 The first date on which an actress appeared on a public stage in Britain is thought to be December 8, 1660. On that date either Anne Marshall or Margaret Hughes appeared as Desdemona in Shakespeare's play Othello. at the Vere Street Theatre, London. We are not sure, which actress it was as no one thought to record the trailblazing actress’ name.
1703 The first Eddystone Lighthouse was destroyed in the Great Storm of 1703 on December 8, 1703. It was the first tower in the world to have been fully exposed to the open sea. A second Eddystone Lighthouse was completed in 1709. This proved more durable, surviving nearly fifty years.
1762 Thomas Arne and Isaac Bickerstaffe's Love in a Village was probably the first English comic opera. It premiered at the Royal Opera, Covent Garden in London on December 8, 1762. The work was received enthusiastically at its premiere and became one of Arne's more popular operas, enjoying 40 performances in its first season alone.
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| Mary around the age of thirteen |
1660 The first date on which an actress appeared on a public stage in Britain is thought to be December 8, 1660. On that date either Anne Marshall or Margaret Hughes appeared as Desdemona in Shakespeare's play Othello. at the Vere Street Theatre, London. We are not sure, which actress it was as no one thought to record the trailblazing actress’ name.
1703 The first Eddystone Lighthouse was destroyed in the Great Storm of 1703 on December 8, 1703. It was the first tower in the world to have been fully exposed to the open sea. A second Eddystone Lighthouse was completed in 1709. This proved more durable, surviving nearly fifty years.
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| Destruction of the first Eddystone lighthouse in Great Storm 1703 |
1762 Thomas Arne and Isaac Bickerstaffe's Love in a Village was probably the first English comic opera. It premiered at the Royal Opera, Covent Garden in London on December 8, 1762. The work was received enthusiastically at its premiere and became one of Arne's more popular operas, enjoying 40 performances in its first season alone.
1854 In his apostolic constitution Ineffabilis Deus (Latin for "Ineffable God") Pope Pius IX proclaimed the dogmatic definition of the Immaculate Conception, which holds that the Virgin Mary was conceived free of original sin. The decree was promulgated on December 8, 1854, the date of the annual Feast of the Immaculate Conception.
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| Mary with an inscription referencing Luke1:46-47 in St.Jürgen church in Gettorf. By Agnete |
1859 English essayist Thomas De Quincey died on December 8, 1859. De Quincey is best known for his Confessions of an English Opium-Eater. First published anonymously in 1821 in the London Magazine, the Confessions was released in book form the following year Many scholars suggest that in publishing this work, De Quincey inaugurated the tradition of addiction literature in the West.
1864 Isambard Kingdom Brunel was working as a resident engineer on the Thames Tunnel at Rotherhithe when the tunnel collapsed. Brunel was seriously injured and during his recuperation he submitted designs for a competition to build a bridge across the Avon Gorge at Bristol. His graceful suspension design won the competition. Construction of the Clifton Suspension Bridge began in 1831, but there were endless delays and it eventually opened on December 8, 1864.
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| Clifton Suspension Bridge. By Gothick - Wikipedia |
1865 Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, whose music such as his famous 1899 tone poem Finlandia helped establish Finland's national identity, was born on December 8, 1865. Since 2011, December 8 has been a flag day in Finland known as "The Day Of Finnish Music".
1922 President Warren G. Harding was the first president to have his State of the Union Address delivered over the radio waves. However, his address on December 8, 1922, was only broadcast locally. The following year, President Calvin Coolidge became the first president to deliver a State of the Union Address on the radio nationally.
1941 The United States entered World War II on December 8, 1941 a day after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor. The US Senate voted for war against Japan by 82 to 0, and the House of Representatives approved the resolution by a vote of 388 to 1. The sole dissenter was Representative Jeannette Rankin of Montana, a devout pacifist who had also cast a dissenting vote against the US. entrance into World War I.
1941 The Japanese invasion of the Philippines started on December 8, 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. After falling to the Empire of Japan on January 2, 1942, Manila was recaptured by joint American and Filipino troops towards the end of World War II.
1941 On December 8, 1941, Adolf Hitler ran out of his bunker into the icy night to tell his generals that Japan had attacked America at Pearl Harbor and thus bought USA into World War II. Many Americans were conscripted to serve their country and they received Gideon New Testaments, which were distributed to all military personnel in which President Roosevelt had written the forward.
1945 It was revealed on December 8, 1945 at the Nuremberg Trials that Nazi Germany had expected Spain’s General Franco to seize Gibraltar from Britain in 1940. This expectation was based on the strong ties between the two countries and Franco's desire to expand Spain's territory.
1953 U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivered his "Atoms for Peace" speech on December 8 1953, which led to an American program to supply equipment and information on nuclear power to schools, hospitals, and research institutions around the world.
1955 The Flag of Europe was adopted by the Council of Europe on December 8, 1955. The European Union inherited the emblem's use when it was formed in 1993. The flag appears on the euro banknotes and Euro coins also display the twelve stars of the flag on both the national and common side.
1962 On December 8, 1962 the legendary disc jockey Alan Freed appeared at his payola trial in New York City and testified to receiving money from labels to play their records on the air. He was found guilty, fined $300, and given six months' probation, but his career was irreparably damaged.
1980 John Lennon was shot aged 40 outside his New York apartment by the deranged fan Mark Chapman on December 8, 1980. Lennon was pronounced dead on arrival at the Roosevelt Hospital. The actress Lauren Bacall was staying in the same New York apartment building as John Lennon when he was shot. Bacall later recalled she had heard the gunshot but assumed that it was a car tire bursting or a vehicle backfiring.
1980 The last picture taken of John Lennon while he was alive had his killer in the frame. Photographer Paul Goresh took a snap of Lennon signing Mark Chapman's Double Fantasy album. Later that same evening, Chapman shot Lennon multiple times.
1991 On December 8, 1991 the leaders of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine signed an agreement that dissolved the Soviet Union. All official Soviet Union institutions had ceased operations by this date.
With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia again became an independent country.
1991 The Russian flag was first used as an ensign for Russian merchant ships and became official as the flag of the Tsardom of Russia in 1696. It remained in use until the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic in 1917. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 8, 1991, the pre-revolutionary tricolor was reintroduced as the flag of the Russian Federation.
2013 When Metallica performed a show under a dome at the Carlini Argentine Base in Antarctica on December 8, 2013, they became the first band in history to play concerts on all seven continents. The concert, dubbed "Freeze 'Em All," was attended by an audience of approximately 120 people, including scientists, researchers, and tourists.
2015 Britain's oldest penguin, Pat, (and the second oldest in Europe) died in Torquay, Devon on December 8, 2015 at the age of 37. She was an African penguin, whose average lifespan is 15 to 20 years in the wild or 30 years in captivity.
2016 Astronaut and US senator John Glenn died on December 8, 2016. He was the first American to orbit the earth, making three orbits in 4 hours, 55 minutes abroad Friendship 7 in 1962. During the same trip, Glenn had the first meal in space when he ate pureed applesauce squeezed from a tube.
1941 The United States entered World War II on December 8, 1941 a day after the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor. The US Senate voted for war against Japan by 82 to 0, and the House of Representatives approved the resolution by a vote of 388 to 1. The sole dissenter was Representative Jeannette Rankin of Montana, a devout pacifist who had also cast a dissenting vote against the US. entrance into World War I.
1941 The Japanese invasion of the Philippines started on December 8, 1941, ten hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor. After falling to the Empire of Japan on January 2, 1942, Manila was recaptured by joint American and Filipino troops towards the end of World War II.
1941 On December 8, 1941, Adolf Hitler ran out of his bunker into the icy night to tell his generals that Japan had attacked America at Pearl Harbor and thus bought USA into World War II. Many Americans were conscripted to serve their country and they received Gideon New Testaments, which were distributed to all military personnel in which President Roosevelt had written the forward.
1945 It was revealed on December 8, 1945 at the Nuremberg Trials that Nazi Germany had expected Spain’s General Franco to seize Gibraltar from Britain in 1940. This expectation was based on the strong ties between the two countries and Franco's desire to expand Spain's territory.
1953 U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivered his "Atoms for Peace" speech on December 8 1953, which led to an American program to supply equipment and information on nuclear power to schools, hospitals, and research institutions around the world.
1955 The Flag of Europe was adopted by the Council of Europe on December 8, 1955. The European Union inherited the emblem's use when it was formed in 1993. The flag appears on the euro banknotes and Euro coins also display the twelve stars of the flag on both the national and common side.
1962 On December 8, 1962 the legendary disc jockey Alan Freed appeared at his payola trial in New York City and testified to receiving money from labels to play their records on the air. He was found guilty, fined $300, and given six months' probation, but his career was irreparably damaged.
1980 John Lennon was shot aged 40 outside his New York apartment by the deranged fan Mark Chapman on December 8, 1980. Lennon was pronounced dead on arrival at the Roosevelt Hospital. The actress Lauren Bacall was staying in the same New York apartment building as John Lennon when he was shot. Bacall later recalled she had heard the gunshot but assumed that it was a car tire bursting or a vehicle backfiring.
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| Lennon signing a copy of Double Fantasy for Chapman Wikipedia |
1991 On December 8, 1991 the leaders of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine signed an agreement that dissolved the Soviet Union. All official Soviet Union institutions had ceased operations by this date.
With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia again became an independent country.
1991 The Russian flag was first used as an ensign for Russian merchant ships and became official as the flag of the Tsardom of Russia in 1696. It remained in use until the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic in 1917. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union on December 8, 1991, the pre-revolutionary tricolor was reintroduced as the flag of the Russian Federation.
2015 Britain's oldest penguin, Pat, (and the second oldest in Europe) died in Torquay, Devon on December 8, 2015 at the age of 37. She was an African penguin, whose average lifespan is 15 to 20 years in the wild or 30 years in captivity.
2016 Astronaut and US senator John Glenn died on December 8, 2016. He was the first American to orbit the earth, making three orbits in 4 hours, 55 minutes abroad Friendship 7 in 1962. During the same trip, Glenn had the first meal in space when he ate pureed applesauce squeezed from a tube.
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