235 Pope Pontian was the 18th pope of the Catholic Church, serving from 230 to 235 AD. He was exiled to Sardinia by Emperor Maximinus Thrax for refusing to sacrifice to the Roman gods. While in exile, he was reportedly beaten to death by his guards in October 235. Pontian is considered a martyr by the Catholic Church and his feast day is celebrated on November 19.
1600 Charles I of England was born in Dunfermline Palace, Fife, on November 19, 1600, the second son of King James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark. When his older brother Henry died of typhoid in 1612, Charles became heir apparent and succeeded to the throne in 1625, An inflexible idealist, his belief that the king rules by divine right, appointed by God, and rebellion against the monarchy was a sin precipitated his downfall and Charles was executed at the end of the English Civil War.
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| Portrait by Robert Peake, c. 1610 |
1816 The University of Warsaw, the largest university in Poland, was established on November 19, 1816 when Congress Poland found itself a territory without a university. The university soon grew to 800 students and 50 professors.
1828 The Austrian composer Franz Schubert battled syphilis as a result of his promiscuity from 1822.
He died aged 31 on November 19, 1828 surrounded by family and friends in his brother Ferdinand's house. The most likely source of death was typhoid fever complicated by syphilis. His last words were "This is my end".
1831 James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, was born in Orange Township, now Moreland Hills, Ohio, on November 19, 1831. Garfield graduated from Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts as an outstanding student who enjoyed all subjects except chemistry.
He could write Greek with one hand while simultaneously writing Latin with the other. Garfield's presidency lasted only 200 days and ended with his assassination.
1834 On November 19, 1834, Franklin Pierce married Jane Means Appleton. the daughter of Jesse Appleton, a Congregational minister and former president of Bowdoin College. Jane Pierce abhorred politics and continually nagged her husband to quit. When told he’d been nominated for the presidency in 1852, she fainted.
1862 Billy Sunday was born on November 19, 1862 in Story County, Iowa. Sunday's speed and agility enabled him to play baseball as an outfielder in the major leagues for eight years. He was considered an average hitter and a good fielder known for his quick base-running. Following a conversion experience, Sunday sensed God’s call to full-time Christian ministry. During the early 20th century Sunday was America's most famous evangelist with his colloquial sermons and frenetic delivery.
1863 Abraham Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address was delivered by the President on the afternoon of November 19, 1863, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg. He gave it at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Though it came to be regarded as one of the greatest speeches in American history, Lincoln at the time thought it was a failure.
1897 Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest child of President Theodore Roosevelt, was born on November 19, 1897. Roosevelt joined the United States Army Air Service where he became a pursuit pilot during World War I. Extremely popular with his fellow pilots and known for being daring, he was killed in aerial combat over France on Bastille Day (July 14), 1918.
1910 Benito Mussolini's father, Alessandro, died on November 19, 1910. Alessandro Mussolini was a blacksmith, socialist, and an influential figure in his son Benito's early political development. He bored his customers with his relentless propaganda.
1942 Calvin Klein was born to an immigrant Jewish family in The Bronx, New York on November 19, 1942. He is one of several design leaders raised in the Jewish immigrant community in the Bronx, along with Robert Denning and Ralph Lauren. At first Klein specialized in designing coats and suits, before expanding into sportswear in the mid-1970s. Klein has left his mark with some industry firsts, including making utilitarian men's underwear sexy and the first unisex fragrance, CK One.
1950 19 months after the formation of Nato, Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first Supreme Commander of NATO-Europe on November 19, 1950. He resigned his NATO command in May 1952 to campaign full-time for the presidency.
1954 The first automatic road-toll collector was installed on New Jersey’s Garden State Parkway on November 19, 1954. The cost was 0.25 cents. A plaque commemorating the event includes the first quarter collected at its toll booths.
1962 Jodie Foster was born in Los Angeles on November 19, 1962 as the youngest of four children of Brandy (née Almond) and Lucius Foster III. Jodie was a gifted child, and was reading by the time she was 3 and began her career as a child model at the same age. Foster first gained fame in 1976 when she starred in five feature films (including Taxi Driver, Bugsy Malone and Freaky Friday). She won Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances in The Accused and Silence of the Lambs.
1962 Lucille Ball married stand-up comic Gary Morton at the Marble Collegiate Church in New York City on November 19, 1962. He was 13 years younger than the comedienne. Morton became closely involved in the management of his wife's career, from the time of their marriage in 1961 throughout the remainder of her career.
1969 Brazilian footballer Pelé scored his 1,000th goal on November 19, 1969 playing for Santos against Vasco da Gama in Rio de Janeiro. In his career he played in 1,363 matches and scored 1,281 goals, the most ever football career goals.
1863 Abraham Lincoln's famous Gettysburg Address was delivered by the President on the afternoon of November 19, 1863, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg. He gave it at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Though it came to be regarded as one of the greatest speeches in American history, Lincoln at the time thought it was a failure.
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| Abraham Lincoln at Gettysburg, taken about noon, just after he arrived |
1897 Quentin Roosevelt, the youngest child of President Theodore Roosevelt, was born on November 19, 1897. Roosevelt joined the United States Army Air Service where he became a pursuit pilot during World War I. Extremely popular with his fellow pilots and known for being daring, he was killed in aerial combat over France on Bastille Day (July 14), 1918.
1910 Benito Mussolini's father, Alessandro, died on November 19, 1910. Alessandro Mussolini was a blacksmith, socialist, and an influential figure in his son Benito's early political development. He bored his customers with his relentless propaganda.
1942 Calvin Klein was born to an immigrant Jewish family in The Bronx, New York on November 19, 1942. He is one of several design leaders raised in the Jewish immigrant community in the Bronx, along with Robert Denning and Ralph Lauren. At first Klein specialized in designing coats and suits, before expanding into sportswear in the mid-1970s. Klein has left his mark with some industry firsts, including making utilitarian men's underwear sexy and the first unisex fragrance, CK One.
1950 19 months after the formation of Nato, Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first Supreme Commander of NATO-Europe on November 19, 1950. He resigned his NATO command in May 1952 to campaign full-time for the presidency.
1954 The first automatic road-toll collector was installed on New Jersey’s Garden State Parkway on November 19, 1954. The cost was 0.25 cents. A plaque commemorating the event includes the first quarter collected at its toll booths.
1962 Jodie Foster was born in Los Angeles on November 19, 1962 as the youngest of four children of Brandy (née Almond) and Lucius Foster III. Jodie was a gifted child, and was reading by the time she was 3 and began her career as a child model at the same age. Foster first gained fame in 1976 when she starred in five feature films (including Taxi Driver, Bugsy Malone and Freaky Friday). She won Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances in The Accused and Silence of the Lambs.
1962 Lucille Ball married stand-up comic Gary Morton at the Marble Collegiate Church in New York City on November 19, 1962. He was 13 years younger than the comedienne. Morton became closely involved in the management of his wife's career, from the time of their marriage in 1961 throughout the remainder of her career.
1969 Brazilian footballer Pelé scored his 1,000th goal on November 19, 1969 playing for Santos against Vasco da Gama in Rio de Janeiro. In his career he played in 1,363 matches and scored 1,281 goals, the most ever football career goals.
1969 The Ford Motor Company introduced their new car the "Edsel," in 1957, naming it after Henry Ford's only son. The model never gained popularity with contemporary American car buyers and sold poorly. On November 19, 1969 the Ford Motor Company announced the discontinuation of the Edsel brand, which became a popular symbol for a commercial failure.
1994 In the United Kingdom, the first National Lottery draw was held on November 19, 1994. A £1 ticket gave a one-in-14-million chance of correctly guessing the winning six out of 49 numbers. The first numbers drawn were 30, 3, 5, 44, 14 and 22, the bonus was 10, and seven jackpot winners shared a prize of £5,874,778.
2006 Socialite Paris Hilton claimed in 2017 to have invented the selfie with Britney Spears on November 19, 2006. "11 years ago today, Me and Britney invented the selfie!” Hilton wrote on November 19, 2017. People quickly shut her down with various examples of others who got there before her.
2006 The Wii home video game console released was first released by Nintendo in North America on November 19, 2006. It sold at $249.99. Nintendo's spelling of "Wii" (with two lower-case "i" characters) is intended to resemble two people standing side-by-side.
2007 The Amazon Kindle e-reader was released on November 19, 2007 for US$399. It sold out in five and a half hours. The device remained out of stock for five months until late April 2008. By 2011 Amazon was selling almost 2.5 e-books to be read on its Kindle for every one hard copy.
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| Paperwhite showing the copyright-free Alice in Wonderland. By User:Frmorrison, |
2011 Antarctic Nail Ale was a unique and limited-edition beer produced by Nail Brewing, an Australian microbrewery. The beer's claim to fame was its use of water melted from a block of Antarctic ice, giving it a distinct flavor profile and adding to its exclusivity. With only 30 bottles produced, the beer quickly became a collector's item, and its price reflected that. One bottle sold for a staggering A$1,850 at a fundraising event in Sydney on November 19, 2010, demonstrating the high demand for this rare brew.
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