581 The Season of Advent is a time for Christians to prepare for the celebration of the birth of Jesus at Christmas. The earliest authentic record of Advent was the Macon council held in 581, which stated that the season starts on the feast of St. Martin - November 11; this period is still observed in the Orthodox church. About 600, Pope Gregory I decreed that the Advent season should start on the fourth Sunday before Christmas.
1572 Tycho Brahe became a world-famous astronomer when on the night of November 11, 1572 he recorded a new star "brighter than Venus" located in the constellation Cassiopeia. He called others to witness it and gave it the name "Stella Nova", the new star.
1739 The first Methodist chapel in London was a disused cannon foundry. John Wesley purchased the building's lease for £115, and then spent a further £700–£800 on refurbishment costs, creating a chapel able to accommodate 1,500 people, plus a smaller meeting room.Wesley first preached in the place of worship on November 11, 1739.
1821 The second of seven children, Fydor Dostoyevsky was born at the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow on November 11, 1821 where his father was an army doctor. Fyodor's cruel and despotic father, Mikhail, was a military surgeon in a Moscow hospital and also a musician. Dostoevsky's literary works engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed works include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880).
1830 Two months after the president of the UK board of trade William Huskisson attended the grand opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the first mail carried by train traveled between Liverpool and Manchester on November 11, 1830.
1854 Benito Mussolini's father Alessandro was born on November 11, 1854. He was a socialist blacksmith, who bored his customers with his relentless propaganda. Mussolini named his son Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini after three leaders he admired: Benito Juárez, Amilcare Cipriani, and Andrea Costa. The two were close and Alessandro taught his son about revolutionary leaders he admired such as Karl Marx.
1858 James Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, married Lucretia Rudolph on November 11, 1858 at the home of the bride's parents in Hiram. Garfield was attracted to Lucretia's keen intellect and appetite for knowledge and they had a good marriage reading together, and making social calls together,.They had seven children (five sons and two daughters). One son, James Rudolph Garfield, followed him into politics and became Secretary of the Interior under President Theodore Roosevelt.
1864 On November 11, 1864, after Atlanta surrendered to the Union Army during the Civil War, General Sherman ordered the city to be burned to the ground, sparing only its churches and hospitals. Four days later he started Sherman's March to the Sea. Only 400 buildings survived, which is why Atlanta's symbol is a phoenix.
1869 The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act was enacted in Australia on November 11, 1869. It gave the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
1885 George Smith Patton Jr. was born on November 11, 1885 in San Gabriel, California, to a wealthy family, George's early years were marred by difficulties in spelling and reading, which has led some historians to speculate that he suffered from undiagnosed dyslexia. As a US general, Patton led a succession of victorious attacks in the Mediterranean theater and in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy during World War II.
1889 Washington was the 42nd state to join the United States, on November 11, 1889. It was made out of the western part of the Washington Territory, which was ceded by Britain in 1846 in accordance with the Oregon Treaty in the settlement of the Oregon boundary dispute.
1572 Tycho Brahe became a world-famous astronomer when on the night of November 11, 1572 he recorded a new star "brighter than Venus" located in the constellation Cassiopeia. He called others to witness it and gave it the name "Stella Nova", the new star.
1739 The first Methodist chapel in London was a disused cannon foundry. John Wesley purchased the building's lease for £115, and then spent a further £700–£800 on refurbishment costs, creating a chapel able to accommodate 1,500 people, plus a smaller meeting room.Wesley first preached in the place of worship on November 11, 1739.
1821 The second of seven children, Fydor Dostoyevsky was born at the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow on November 11, 1821 where his father was an army doctor. Fyodor's cruel and despotic father, Mikhail, was a military surgeon in a Moscow hospital and also a musician. Dostoevsky's literary works engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed works include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880).
1830 Two months after the president of the UK board of trade William Huskisson attended the grand opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the first mail carried by train traveled between Liverpool and Manchester on November 11, 1830.
1854 Benito Mussolini's father Alessandro was born on November 11, 1854. He was a socialist blacksmith, who bored his customers with his relentless propaganda. Mussolini named his son Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini after three leaders he admired: Benito Juárez, Amilcare Cipriani, and Andrea Costa. The two were close and Alessandro taught his son about revolutionary leaders he admired such as Karl Marx.
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| Alessandro Mussolini. |
1858 James Garfield, the 20th President of the United States, married Lucretia Rudolph on November 11, 1858 at the home of the bride's parents in Hiram. Garfield was attracted to Lucretia's keen intellect and appetite for knowledge and they had a good marriage reading together, and making social calls together,.They had seven children (five sons and two daughters). One son, James Rudolph Garfield, followed him into politics and became Secretary of the Interior under President Theodore Roosevelt.
1864 On November 11, 1864, after Atlanta surrendered to the Union Army during the Civil War, General Sherman ordered the city to be burned to the ground, sparing only its churches and hospitals. Four days later he started Sherman's March to the Sea. Only 400 buildings survived, which is why Atlanta's symbol is a phoenix.
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| Atlanta in ruins during the Civil War, 1864 |
1869 The Victorian Aboriginal Protection Act was enacted in Australia on November 11, 1869. It gave the government control of indigenous people's wages, their terms of employment, where they could live, and of their children, effectively leading to the Stolen Generations.
1885 George Smith Patton Jr. was born on November 11, 1885 in San Gabriel, California, to a wealthy family, George's early years were marred by difficulties in spelling and reading, which has led some historians to speculate that he suffered from undiagnosed dyslexia. As a US general, Patton led a succession of victorious attacks in the Mediterranean theater and in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy during World War II.
1889 Washington was the 42nd state to join the United States, on November 11, 1889. It was made out of the western part of the Washington Territory, which was ceded by Britain in 1846 in accordance with the Oregon Treaty in the settlement of the Oregon boundary dispute.
1918 German captivation in World War I began with naval mutinies at Kiel, followed by uprising in major cities. Kaiser Wilhelm abdicated, and the armistice between the German Empire and the Allies for the cessation of hostilities on the Western Front was signed at 5 am in a railway carriage in the Forest of Compiègne of France on November 11, 1918. It came into force "at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month."
1918 At 5:00 a.m. on November 11, 1918 French Army clerk Henri Deledicq finished typing the peace treaty that would end World War I. He had put the carbon paper in backwards. Ten minutes later, in a railroad car in France, military leaders signed copies of an armistice that were completely unreadable.
1918 Numerologists believe that events linked to the time 11:11 appear more often than can be explained by chance or coincidence. For example, the Armistice that ended the fighting in western Europe of the First World War took effect at 11 a.m. Paris time on November 11, 1918, "the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month". However, skeptics say that examples of 11:11 phenomena in world events are examples of post-hoc reasoning and confirmation bias.
1918 The Tommy Gun was intended to replace the unwieldy rifle in First World War trenches, but production didn't start until just before the conflict ended. The first cases of the new rifle arrived on the docks for shipment on November 11, 1918; the same day the war ended.
1920 One of the most famous tombs in Westminster Abbey is that of The Unknown Warrior. A tomb of an unknown British soldier who was killed on the battlefield during World War I. He was buried in Westminster Abbey on November 11, 1920. The tomb is in the far western end of the nave and is covered by a slab of black Belgian marble. It is the only tomb in the abbey on which it is forbidden to walk.
1920 According to James Bond's authorized biography, the fictional Secret Service agent was born on November 11, 1920. The son of Andrew Bond and Monique Delacroix, James Bond’s father was Andrew Bond, a Scottish businessman. His mother was Monique Delacroix, from Switzerland. Both of his parents were killed in a mountain climbing accident during a holiday in the French Alps when he was only 11. He was educated at Eton, like his creator Ian Fleming.
1922 Gabriel Narutowicz took office as the first president of Poland on November 11, 1922. Tragedy struck just five days later when Narutowicz was was assassinated at the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw by painter and right-wing nationalist Eligiusz Niewiadomski.
1930 Patent number US1781541 was awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator on November 11, 1930. An absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, the Einstein refrigerator operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate.
1933 Billie Holiday started singing in the early 1930s in Harlem, New York City, for tips in night clubs, and got a job at Pod's and Jerry's, a famous Harlem jazz club. The producer John Hammond first heard Holiday in early 1933 and arranged for the young singer to make her recording debut, at age 18, in November 1933 with Benny Goodman, singing two songs. One of them, "Riffin' the Scotch," released on November 11, 1933 was Billie Holiday's first hit, selling 5,000 copies.
1933 The infamous Dust Bowl era began on November 11, 1933 when a very strong dust storm stripped topsoil from desiccated South Dakota farmlands. The many serious dust storms and droughts during this time in the prairie regions of the US and Canada caused major damage to its economy, ecology and agriculture. 500,000 people were left homeless before it came to an end when normal rainfall resumed in 1939.
1935 One of the first photographs clearly showing the curve of the Earth’s surface was taken from a balloon above South Dakota on November 11, 1935. The balloonists' sealed gondola Explorer II climbed to 72,395 feet (22.066 km), a record unequaled until 1956.
1938 Mary "Typhoid Mary" Mallon was the first known healthy carrier of typhoid fever in the United States, having contracted a mild case herself at some stage. She was blamed for spreading typhoid to 51 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook. On November 11, 1938, Mary died of pneumonia at age 69. A post-mortem found evidence of live typhoid bacteria in her gallbladder.
1918 The Tommy Gun was intended to replace the unwieldy rifle in First World War trenches, but production didn't start until just before the conflict ended. The first cases of the new rifle arrived on the docks for shipment on November 11, 1918; the same day the war ended.
1920 One of the most famous tombs in Westminster Abbey is that of The Unknown Warrior. A tomb of an unknown British soldier who was killed on the battlefield during World War I. He was buried in Westminster Abbey on November 11, 1920. The tomb is in the far western end of the nave and is covered by a slab of black Belgian marble. It is the only tomb in the abbey on which it is forbidden to walk.
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| By Mike from England - Tomb of the Unknown Warrior |
1920 According to James Bond's authorized biography, the fictional Secret Service agent was born on November 11, 1920. The son of Andrew Bond and Monique Delacroix, James Bond’s father was Andrew Bond, a Scottish businessman. His mother was Monique Delacroix, from Switzerland. Both of his parents were killed in a mountain climbing accident during a holiday in the French Alps when he was only 11. He was educated at Eton, like his creator Ian Fleming.
1922 Gabriel Narutowicz took office as the first president of Poland on November 11, 1922. Tragedy struck just five days later when Narutowicz was was assassinated at the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw by painter and right-wing nationalist Eligiusz Niewiadomski.
1930 Patent number US1781541 was awarded to Albert Einstein and Leó Szilárd for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator on November 11, 1930. An absorption refrigerator which has no moving parts, the Einstein refrigerator operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate.
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| Einstein's and Szilárd's patent application. |
1933 Billie Holiday started singing in the early 1930s in Harlem, New York City, for tips in night clubs, and got a job at Pod's and Jerry's, a famous Harlem jazz club. The producer John Hammond first heard Holiday in early 1933 and arranged for the young singer to make her recording debut, at age 18, in November 1933 with Benny Goodman, singing two songs. One of them, "Riffin' the Scotch," released on November 11, 1933 was Billie Holiday's first hit, selling 5,000 copies.
1933 The infamous Dust Bowl era began on November 11, 1933 when a very strong dust storm stripped topsoil from desiccated South Dakota farmlands. The many serious dust storms and droughts during this time in the prairie regions of the US and Canada caused major damage to its economy, ecology and agriculture. 500,000 people were left homeless before it came to an end when normal rainfall resumed in 1939.
1935 One of the first photographs clearly showing the curve of the Earth’s surface was taken from a balloon above South Dakota on November 11, 1935. The balloonists' sealed gondola Explorer II climbed to 72,395 feet (22.066 km), a record unequaled until 1956.
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| The first photo of Earth from space, taken aboard the V-2 No. 13. |
1938 Mary "Typhoid Mary" Mallon was the first known healthy carrier of typhoid fever in the United States, having contracted a mild case herself at some stage. She was blamed for spreading typhoid to 51 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook. On November 11, 1938, Mary died of pneumonia at age 69. A post-mortem found evidence of live typhoid bacteria in her gallbladder.
1940 The Royal Navy launched the first aircraft carrier-propelled airstrike in history on November 11, 1940. The attack was launched from HMS Illustrious and took place on the Italian fleet during the World War II Battle of Taranto.
1942 The Second Battle of El Alamein was fought between the British Empire forces under Montgomery and Germans and Italians under Rommel between October 23 and November 11, 1942.
The victory for the Allies was a turning point in World War II. Later Winston Churchill said: "Before Alamein we never had a victory. After Alamein we never had a defeat."
1951 Kim Peek, who was the inspiration for the autistic savant character Raymond Babbitt in the movie Rain Man, was born on November 11, 1951. He could read the both pages of an open book at once, one page with one eye and the other page with the other eye. Peek memorized the words in the 12,000 books he finished.
1942 The Second Battle of El Alamein was fought between the British Empire forces under Montgomery and Germans and Italians under Rommel between October 23 and November 11, 1942.
The victory for the Allies was a turning point in World War II. Later Winston Churchill said: "Before Alamein we never had a victory. After Alamein we never had a defeat."
1951 Kim Peek, who was the inspiration for the autistic savant character Raymond Babbitt in the movie Rain Man, was born on November 11, 1951. He could read the both pages of an open book at once, one page with one eye and the other page with the other eye. Peek memorized the words in the 12,000 books he finished.
1965 Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence was adopted by the mostly white minority government of Prime Minister Ian Smith on November 11, 1965. The culmination of a protracted dispute between the British and Rhodesian governments, it was the first unilateral breakaway by a British colony since the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776.
1974 Leonardo DiCaprio was born in Hollywood, California on November 11, 1974. Leonardo's name derives from his legal secretary German-born mother Irmalin's having experienced a sudden kick from her unborn boy while standing in front of a da Vinci painting in Italy. As an actor, DiCaprio achieved international stardom in the epic romance Titanic, and later became a favorite of Martin Scorsese, starring in the director's films including Gangs of New York, The Aviator, and The Wolf of Wall Street.
1975 The Angolan War of Independence started in 1961 when a protest by agricultural workers in Baixa de Cassanje, Portuguese Angola, turned into a revolt. The war lasted to November 11, 1975 when Angola finally won independence from Portugal.
1975 The national flag of Angola was adopted on November 11, 1975, the day Angola gained independence from Portuguese colonial rule. The flag has horizontal stripes of red and black, with a yellow emblem in the center. The emblem features a cogwheel, machete, and a star, which symbolize labor, agriculture, and international solidarity, respectively. The red and black colors represent the bloodshed during the Angolan independence struggle.
1981 The Spanish municipality of Huescar was technically at war with Denmark, as a result of the Napoleonic wars over Spain, where Denmark supported the French Empire. They forgot about the conflict until a local historian found the declaration 172 years later. A peace treaty was signed on November 11, 1981 by the city mayor and the Ambassador of Denmark. No shots were fired during the supposed hostilities.
1992 The General Synod of the Church of England voted to allow women to become priests on November 11, 1992. Two years after the Church of England Synod voted in favor of women priests, the first 32 Anglican women priests were ordained on March 12, 1994 at Bristol Cathedral by Bishop Barry Rogerson.
1994 The Codex Leicester, a collection of Leonardo Da Vinci's writings and drawings 1508-10 became the world’s most expensive book of any kind when it was sold for $30,802,500 to Bill Gates on November 11, 1994. After Bill Gates purchased the Da Vinci Codex, he had it scanned for use as a wallpaper on Windows '95.
2007 The actor Kevin Costner founded Kevin Costner & Modern West in 2007. The band's debut album, Untold Truths was released on November 11, 2008 by Universal South Records and peaked at #61 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. Costner biggest contribution to popular music was convincing Whitney Houston to cover Dolly Parton's country tune, "I Will Always Love You" for The Bodyguard movie.
2010 The flag of Serbia is a tricolor consisting of three equal horizontal bands, red on the top, blue in the middle and white on the bottom. The same tricolor, in altering variations, has been used since the 19th century as the flag of the state of Serbia and the Serbian nation. The current form of the flag with a visual redesign of the coat of arms was officially adopted on November 11, 2010.
2011 The heaviest pear in history was 6 lbs 8 oz (2.948 kg). It was an atago pear grown by JA Aichi Toyota Nashi Bukai from Japan. He presented it at the JA Aichi Toyota main office in Toyota, Aichi, Japan on November 11, 2011.
2012 The J W Marriott Marquis Dubai in UAE became the world’s tallest hotel when it opened on November 11, 2012., Standing at 355.35 m (1,165.84 ft) from ground level to the top of its mast, the hotel consists of two 77-floor twin towers. It contains 1,608 rooms and offers over 8,000 square metres of indoor and outdoor event space. Its record was taken by another Dubai hotel. At 356.33 m (1,169 ft), the gold-colored, 75-storey Gevora, which opened in February 2018, is now the world's tallest hotel.
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| JW Marriott Marquis Dubai in 2012. Shahroozporia - Own work |
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