222 On October 14, 222 Pope Callixtus I was killed by a mob in Rome's Trastevere after a 5-year reign in which he had stabilized the Saturday fast as three times per year, with no food, oil, or wine to be consumed on those days. Callixtus was succeeded by cardinal Urban I.
1066 The Norman forces of William the Conqueror defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066. Their victory was the beginning the Norman conquest of England, which put an end to 500 years of Anglo-Saxon rule. One of the contributory factors towards the Normans' victory was the drunken condition of many of the Saxons at Hastings. Indeed some of the French invaders recorded in their chronicles their amazement as to how inebriated the English soldiers were on the battlefield.
1066 The Norman forces of William the Conqueror defeated the English army at the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066. Their victory was the beginning the Norman conquest of England, which put an end to 500 years of Anglo-Saxon rule. One of the contributory factors towards the Normans' victory was the drunken condition of many of the Saxons at Hastings. Indeed some of the French invaders recorded in their chronicles their amazement as to how inebriated the English soldiers were on the battlefield.
 |
| Scene from the Bayeux Tapestry depicting the Battle of Hastings. |
1066 At the Battle of Hastings, Taillefer, William of Normandy’s minstrel, asked for the honor of charging the Saxon lines first. His request duly granted, he rode towards the enemy singing "The Song of Roland," a tale of bravery of a Frankish general in the service of Charlemagne. Taillefer cut down his first two opponents but was soon dashed to pieces by the Saxons.
1066 Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, was killed at the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066. The earliest account of the battle said that Harold had been killed and dismembered by four knights. The first report of Harold being shot in the eye with an arrow did not appear until 30 years later. Two of Harold’s six brothers, Gyrth and Leofwine, also died at the Battle of Hastings.
1322 After being defeated by Robert The Bruce at Bannockburn, Edward II of England twice invaded Scotland unsuccessfully. On October 14, 1322, Robert the Bruce defeated King Edward II at The Battle of Old Byland, forcing the English king to accept Scotland's independence. The following year Edward concluded a truce.
1066 Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, was killed at the Battle of Hastings on October 14, 1066. The earliest account of the battle said that Harold had been killed and dismembered by four knights. The first report of Harold being shot in the eye with an arrow did not appear until 30 years later. Two of Harold’s six brothers, Gyrth and Leofwine, also died at the Battle of Hastings.
1322 After being defeated by Robert The Bruce at Bannockburn, Edward II of England twice invaded Scotland unsuccessfully. On October 14, 1322, Robert the Bruce defeated King Edward II at The Battle of Old Byland, forcing the English king to accept Scotland's independence. The following year Edward concluded a truce.
1633 James II of England and VII of Scotland was born at St. James's Palace in London on October 14, 1633 to Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France. The last Catholic monarch of England and Scotland, James' reign from 1685-1688 is now remembered primarily for struggles over religious tolerance. His attempted arbitrary rule and favor of Catholics led Whig and Tory leaders plot the overthrow of the king and invite his daughter Mary and her Dutch Protestant husband William of Orange to invade England.
1644 William Penn was born on October 14, 1644 at at Tower Hill, London. He was the son of English Admiral Sir William Penn (1621-1670). In 1681 he obtained a grant of land in America, in settlement of a debt owed by the king to his father, on which he established the colony of Pennsylvania as a refuge for the persecuted Quakers.
 |
| Lely. William Penn |
1656 Massachusetts enacted the first punitive legislation against the Society of Friends on October 14, 1656. The marriage of church-and-state in Puritanism made them regard the Quakers as spiritually apostate and politically subversive. The law declared that any shipmaster bringing a Quaker into the colony would be fined £100. Any Quaker coming within the jurisdiction of the colony would be arrested, whipped, and transported out of the colony without conversing with anyone.
1735 On October 14 1735, John Wesley and his brother Charles sailed on The Simmonds from Gravesend, Kent for Savannah in Georgia Colony in British America. They went on behalf of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel to bring the Gospel to the Indians. The trip didn't work out and after an unsuccessful ministry of two years Wesley returned to London.
 |
| Wesley preaching to a tribe of Native Americans. Engraving By https://wellcomeimages.org |
1782 The Commission of National Education was the central educational authority in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, created by the Sejm and King Stanisław August Poniatowski on October 14, 1773. Because of its vast authority and autonomy, it is considered the first Ministry of Education in European history.
1888 French inventor Louis Le Prince shot Roundhay Garden Scene, the earliest surviving motion picture, on October 14, 1888. The short silent film was made at Oakwood Grange, the home of Joseph and Sarah Whitley, in Roundhay, Leeds, England. It was recorded at 12 frames per second and runs for 2.11 seconds.
1890 Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was born in Denison, Texas, on October 14, 1890, the third of seven boys. As a child, he was involved in an accident that cost his younger brother an eye; he later referred to this as an experience teaching him the need to be protective of those under him. A five-star general in the Army and Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces during World War II, Eisenhower served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961.
1899 On October 14, 1899, the Norwegian zoologist Nicolai Hansen became the first person to be buried in Antarctica. Hanson was a member of the 1899 Borchgrevink Expedition, the first scientific foray to spend considerable time in the Antarctic, but was taken seriously ill during the voyage from England. At his request was Hanson buried in the mountain section above Cape Adare, where a grave was excavated from the mountain.
1913 The worst mining accident in the United Kingdom's history took place when a gas explosion took the lives of 439 people at the Universal Colliery in Senghenydd, Wales on October 14, 1913. The miners in the east side of the workings were evacuated, but the men in the western section bore the brunt of the explosion, fire and the ensuing poisonous mixture of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen.
1914 The children's book Winnie-the-Pooh, by A. A. Milne, was first published on October 14, 1926. Milne named the character Winnie-the-Pooh after a teddy bear owned by his son Christopher Robin Milne. The writer bought the 18-inch-high toy bear from Harrods in London as a present in honor of Christopher Robin's first birthday.
1920 On October 14, 1920, 56-year-old Mr. Arthur Cobcroft, a dog trainer from Loftus Street, Leichhardt, Australia, died from laughter after reading how certain commodities had changed in price from 1915 and making a remark to his wife concerning this. A doctor was called in and he said the death was due to heart failure, brought on by excessive laughter.
1926 Gary Cooper he made his official film debut in a featured role in The Winning of Barbara Worth, with Ronald Colman and Vilma Bánky. The film was released on October 14, 1926. From 1936 to 1957, Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions—a record at the time of his death in 1961.
1947 Captain Chuck Yeager of the US Air Force became the first pilot to fly faster than sound on October 14, 1947. He flew a Bell X-1 rocket-powered experimental aircraft, the Glamorous Glennis, over the high desert of Southern California. He had four children with his wife, Glennis, who inspired the name of his supersonic plane.
1964 Leonid Brezhnev was the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), presiding over the country from October 14, 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in duration.
1964 In 1957 Dr Martin Luther King founded the Southern Christian Leadership conference, a coalition group promoting non violent methods. He inspired blacks throughout the south to hold sit ins and freedom rides to protest against segregation. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on October 14, 1964 for his nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice. At the age of 35 he was the youngest ever Nobel Prize recipient.
1966 The city of Montreal begun the operation of its underground Metro rapid-transit system.on October 14, 1966. Originally consisting of 26 stations on three separate lines, the Metro now has 68 stations on four lines totalling 69.2 kilometres (43.0 mi) in length.
1968 Jim Hines of the United States of America became on October 14, 1968 the first athlete ever to break the ten-second barrier in the 100 meters in the 1968 Summer Olympic Games held in Mexico City. His time was 9.95 seconds.
1926 Gary Cooper he made his official film debut in a featured role in The Winning of Barbara Worth, with Ronald Colman and Vilma Bánky. The film was released on October 14, 1926. From 1936 to 1957, Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions—a record at the time of his death in 1961.
1947 Captain Chuck Yeager of the US Air Force became the first pilot to fly faster than sound on October 14, 1947. He flew a Bell X-1 rocket-powered experimental aircraft, the Glamorous Glennis, over the high desert of Southern California. He had four children with his wife, Glennis, who inspired the name of his supersonic plane.
1964 Leonid Brezhnev was the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), presiding over the country from October 14, 1964 until his death in 1982. His eighteen-year term as General Secretary was second only to that of Joseph Stalin in duration.
1964 In 1957 Dr Martin Luther King founded the Southern Christian Leadership conference, a coalition group promoting non violent methods. He inspired blacks throughout the south to hold sit ins and freedom rides to protest against segregation. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on October 14, 1964 for his nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice. At the age of 35 he was the youngest ever Nobel Prize recipient.
1966 The city of Montreal begun the operation of its underground Metro rapid-transit system.on October 14, 1966. Originally consisting of 26 stations on three separate lines, the Metro now has 68 stations on four lines totalling 69.2 kilometres (43.0 mi) in length.
1968 Jim Hines of the United States of America became on October 14, 1968 the first athlete ever to break the ten-second barrier in the 100 meters in the 1968 Summer Olympic Games held in Mexico City. His time was 9.95 seconds.
1977 Bing Crosby died instantly shortly after 6:00 p.m. on October 14, 1977, when he suffered a massive heart attack after a round of eighteen holes of golf in Madrid, Spain. His last words were reported as, "That was a great game of golf, fellas." However, according to his companions and recorded by biographer Gary Giddens, Crosby then said, "Let's go get a Coke."
1979 The first Gay Rights March on Washington, D.C., the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights took place on October 14, 1979. It demanded "an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people", and drew approx 100,000 gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, transgender people, and straight allies.
1999 Tanzania's first president Julius Nyerere died on October 14, 1999. Nyerere dominated the nation's politics for 20 years after being its first president in 1964, being re-elected in 1965, 1970, 1975 and 1980. Known throughout Tanzania by the Swahili honorific Mwalimu ("teacher"), he is described as the "Father of the Nation".
2012 Austrian daredevil Felix Baumgartner jumped to Earth from a helium balloon in the stratosphere on October 14, 2012. As part of this project, he set a new altitude record for a manned balloon flight of 39,045 metres (128,100 feet) or just over 39 kilometers (24 miles).
1979 The first Gay Rights March on Washington, D.C., the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights took place on October 14, 1979. It demanded "an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people", and drew approx 100,000 gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, transgender people, and straight allies.
1999 Tanzania's first president Julius Nyerere died on October 14, 1999. Nyerere dominated the nation's politics for 20 years after being its first president in 1964, being re-elected in 1965, 1970, 1975 and 1980. Known throughout Tanzania by the Swahili honorific Mwalimu ("teacher"), he is described as the "Father of the Nation".
2012 Austrian daredevil Felix Baumgartner jumped to Earth from a helium balloon in the stratosphere on October 14, 2012. As part of this project, he set a new altitude record for a manned balloon flight of 39,045 metres (128,100 feet) or just over 39 kilometers (24 miles).
Comments
Post a Comment